دانلود کتاب The Holocaust: Roots, History, and Aftermath

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Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Contents Preface to the Second Edition Introduction Sources for Further Study and Research 1. Jewish History: Ancient Beginnings and the Evolution of Christian Anti-Judaic Prejudice Through the Reformation Jewish Beginnings Exile and New Traditions of Faith The Jews, Hellenism, and the Maccabean (Hasmonean) Rebellion Hasmonean Israel and Rome Roots of Anti-Jewish Sentiment: The Jewish-Greek Conflict Judaism, Jews, and the Coming of Christianity The Jewish War and the Great Revolt (66–70 c.e.) Judaism, Christianity, and the Bar Kochba Rebellion Constantine, Christianity, and the Jews Jews in the Last Century of the Western Roman Empire Jews in Early Medieval Europe and the Byzantine Empire The Crusades and the Jews of the Mediterranean World Pope Innocent III and the Jews Medieval Usury: Christians and Jews The Myth of Ritual Murder The Deadly Centuries: The Jews at the End of the Middle Ages The Expulsion of the Jews from Western Europe The Black Death The Final Humiliation: Expulsion from Spain and Portugal The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther Luther and the Jews Zwingli, Calvin, and the Jews The Roman Catholic Church, the Jews, and the Counter Reformation Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 2. Jews, the Enlightenment, Emancipation, and the Rise of Racial Anti-Semitism Through the Early Twentieth Century The Jews in Post-Reformation Europe The Enlightenment The French Revolutions of 1789–1799, Napoleon I, and the Jews The Jews in Post-Napoleonic Europe The Intellectual and Nationalistic Origins of Anti-Semitism in the Nineteenth Century Political Anti-Semitism in Germany, Austria, France, and Russia Prior to World War I Germany Austria-Hungary French Anti-Semitism and the Dreyfus Affair Russia The Jews of Poland and Lithuania The Jews in Postpartition Russia The Protocols of the Elders of Zion Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 3. The World of Adolf Hitler, 1889–1933: War, Politics, and Anti-Semitism Adolf Hitler: Family Roots and Questions of Jewish Ancestry Hitler’s Early Life Hitler’s Vienna Years Hitler, Munich, and German Anti-Semitism Hitler and World War I Hitler, Versailles, and the Early Weimar Republic Hitler, the Early Nazi Party, and Anti-Semitism Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 4. The Nazis in Power, 1933–1939: Eugenics, Race, and Biology; Jews, the Handicapped, and the Roma Germany’s Interwar Jewish Community The Nazification of Germany and the “Jewish Question”: 1933–1935 The Nuremberg Laws The Nazi Aryan Olympics (1936) Aryanization and the Road to Kristallnacht The Early Campaign of Forced Sterilization Euthanasia: Theory and Nazi Practice The Roma (Gypsies) Homosexuals, or Gays Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 5. Nazi Germany at War, 1939–1941: “Euthanasia” and the Handicapped; Ghettos and Jews Children’s “Euthanasia” Program Adult “Euthanasia” Program The Road to War and the German Invasion of Poland Racial War in Poland: Polish Christians The Creation of the General Government: Nazi Germany’s “Racial Laboratory” The Jews in Interwar Poland The War Against the Jews in Poland The Physical and Economic Exploitation of the Jews in the General Government The Nisko Plan, the Lublin Reservation, and Madagascar The Madagascar Plan The Creation of the Ghettos in German-Occupied Poland Łodź (Litzmannstadt): Jews and Roma Warsaw Kraków (Cracow) Rule, Life, and Work in the Kraków Ghetto Forced Labor and Food Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 6. The Invasion of the Soviet Union and the Path to the “Final Solution” Jews in Soviet-Conquered Territory Zwartendijk and Sugihara: Righteous Gentiles in Vilnius Operation Barbarossa and Plans for Mass Murder The Einsatzgruppen The Wehrmacht The German Invasion of the Soviet Union Early German Killing Operations in the Soviet Union Collaboration in Latvia, Lithuania, and Ukraine Hungarian and Romanian Collaboration The Roma and the Handicapped The Roma The Handicapped Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 7. The “Final Solution,” 1941–1944: Death Camps and Experiments with Mass Murder Planning for the Final Solution The Transfers from the Greater Reich Theresienstadt Experiments with the Machinery of Death The Wannsee Conference The Final Solution Chełmno The Aktion Reinhard Death Camps: Bełżec, Sobibór, and Treblinka Bełżec Sobibór The Sobibór Uprising and the “Erntefest” Massacres Treblinka The Treblinka Uprising Auschwitz The Factory of Death: Auschwitz II-Birkenau The Gypsy Family Camp Medical Experiments in Auschwitz I and II Auschwitz III-Buna/Monowitz Resistance in Auschwitz Majdanek Liquidation of the Major Ghettos The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: April 19–May 16, 1943 Vilna Minsk Riga Kovno Łodź Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 8. The Final Solution in Western Europe and the Nazi Allied States The Holocaust in Western Europe Belgium and Luxembourg Denmark France Greece The Netherlands Norway The Nazi-Allied States Bulgaria Finland Hungary Italy Protectorate of Bohemia-Moravia and Slovakia The Roma in the Protectorate Slovakia The Roma Romania The Roma Yugoslavia (Croatia and Serbia) The NDH (Croatia) Serbia Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 9. The Holocaust and the Role of Europe’s Neutrals: Then and Now Europe’s Neutrals Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey The Vatican Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 10. Liberation, DPs, and the Search for Justice: War Crimes Investigations and Trials in Europe, the United States, and Israel Liberation of the Camps Displaced Persons: Jews and Roma The Jews The Roma The Trials of the Major War Criminals The International Military Tribunal International Military Tribunal Nuremberg Trial Allied Nuremberg Trials War Crimes Trials in the British Zone The Federal Republic of Germany War Crimes Investigations and Trials in Western Europe France German Democratic Republic War Crimes Trials in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union Hungary Poland The Soviet Union Israel Conclusion Sources for Further Study and Research 11. Historiography, Memorialization, and Lessons ‘Unlearned’ The Pain and Stress of Memory Commemoration, Education, Research, and Documentation Israel United States German Democratic Republic Federal Republic of Germany since 1990 Poland The Past as Prologue? Sources for Further Study and Research Glossary Appendix A—Estimates of Jewish Deaths During the Holocaust Appendix B—Estimates of Roma Deaths During the Holocaust Appendix C—Yad Vashem: Righteous Among the Nations Appendix D—SS Ranks (Based on US Army Equivalents) Appendix E—German Army Ranks (Based on US Army Equivalents) Notes Index