دانلود کتاب The Meters of Old Norse Eddic Poetry: Common Germanic Inheritance and North Germanic Innovation

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Dedication\nPreface\nContents\nList of tables\nAbbreviations and symbols\n1 Introduction\n 1.1 The corpus of metrical data\n 1.2 An overview of verse structure: metrical positions, verse types, and alliteration\n 1.3 The meter as a prototypebased system of gradient organization\n 1.4 Statistical analysis\nPart I. Fornyrðislag\n Introduction\n 2 Verse types and their realizations\n 2.1 Type A1 (/ x / x)\n 2.1.1 The first drop\n 2.1.2 The second drop\n 2.1.3 Marked variants of type A1\n 2.1.3.1 The configuration PS#px\n 2.1.3.2 The configuration Px...px\n 2.1.3.3 The configurations Pxx#Px and PXx#Px\n 2.1.3.4 The configuration PxSx\n 2.2 Type A2\n 2.2.1 Type A2a (/ \\ / x)\n 2.2.2 Type A2b (/ x / \\ and / \\ / \\)\n 2.3 Type A3 ([/] x / x)\n 2.3.1 The configurations x...Px, x...PS, and x...PP\n 2.3.2 The configuration x...px\n 2.4 Type A1 (/ x / [x])\n 2.5 Type A2a (/ \\ / [x])\n 2.6 Type A3 ([/] x / [x])\n 2.7 Type B (x / x /)\n 2.8 Type C (x / / x)\n 2.8.1 The first and second drops\n 2.8.2 The second lift: the six major configurations x...PPx, x...Ppx, x...PSx, x...Psx, x...PXx, and x...Pxx\n 2.8.3 The configuration x...pXx\n 2.9 Type C (x / / [x])\n 2.10 Type D (/ / x x)\n 2.10.1 Major variants and the status of the heavy drop\n 2.10.2 The configuration PPPx: apparent ambiguity of types A2a and D\n 2.10.3 The configuration PPpx: apparent ambiguity of type D and subtype A1s\n 2.10.4 The configurations PpXx and PsXx\n 2.11 Type D (/ / x [x])\n 2.12 Type D* (/ x / x x)\n 2.12.1 Major variants\n 2.12.2 The configurations Px...Ppx and Px...Psx: on resolving ambiguity between types A2b and D*\n 2.12.3 The configuration Pxxx...P with single alliteration: on resolving ambiguity between types A1 and D*\n 2.13 Type E (/ \\ x /)\n 2.13.1 Major variants\n 2.13.2 The configurations PSxpx and PXxpx: on resolving ambiguity between type E and subtype A1s\n 2.13.3 The configuration PXx...P: on resolving ambiguity between types E and A1\n 2.13.4 The configuration PPx...P with double alliteration: on resolving ambiguity between types E and A1\n 2.13.5 The configuration PPx...P with single alliteration: on resolving ambiguity between types E, D, and A1\n 2.14 Twoposition verses\n 2.15 The system of verse types: a first approximation\n 3 Anacrusis and catalexis\n 3.1 Anacrusis\n 3.2 Catalexis\n 3.3 The organization of anacrusis and catalexis, and the system of verse types reconsidered\n 4 Resolution\n 4.1 Resolution and the drop: Auflösung and Verschleifung\n 4.2 Resolution according to position and verse type\n 4.2.1 The first lift of type A1\n 4.2.2 The first lift of type B\n 4.2.3 The first lift of type C\n 4.2.4 The first lift of type D\n 4.2.5 The first lift of types D*, D/E, and E\n 4.2.6 A synchronic account of the varied incidences of resolution according to verse type\n 4.2.7 The second lift of types A1, A2a, and A2b\n 4.2.8 The second lift of type B\n 4.2.9 The second lift of types C, D, D*, and E\n 4.3 Suspension of resolution\n 4.3.1 The configuration x...pXx: the first lift of type C\n 4.3.2 The configuration PS#px: the second lift of subtype A1s\n 4.3.3 The configuration Px...px: the second lift of subtype A1s\n 4.3.4 The configuration x...px: the second lift of type A3\n 4.3.5 The configurations x...Ppx and x...Psx: the second lift of type C\n 4.3.6 The configuration PpXx: the second lift of type D\n 4.3.7 The configuration Px...pXx: the second lift of type D*\n 4.3.8 A synchronic account of suspension of resolution\n 4.3.9 A diachronic account\n 4.4 On Kaluza’s law\n 4.4.1 Introduction\n 4.4.2 On defining ‘short’ and ‘long’ disyllables: two competing accounts\n 4.4.3 Kaluza’s law in fornyrðislag?\n 4.4.4 Kaluza’s law in the Heliand\n 4.4.5 Kaluza’s law in fornyrðislag revisited\n 4.4.6 Conclusion\n 5 The cadence\n 5.1 Preference for / x in versefinal position\n 5.2 Preference for the cadence / x in the bverse\n 5.2.1 Class B (x / x /)\n 5.2.2 Class C (x / / x)\n 5.2.3 Class A (/ x / x)\n 5.2.4 Class A with anacrusis (x / x / x)\n 5.3 The optimal prosodic form of the cadence / x: Px\n 5.4 Further variants of the cadence / x: px and P\n 5.4.1 The prosodic form px\n 5.4.2 The prosodic form P\n 5.4.3 The three variants of the cadence / x: Px, px, and P\n 5.5 Conclusion: the overall proportion of verses ending in lift + drop\n 6 Alliteration\n 6.1 The rules of alliteration\n 6.2 The metrical basis of alliteration\n 6.2.1 Variation in alliterative pattern within verse types\n 6.2.1.1 Type A1\n 6.2.1.2 Types A2a and A2b\n 6.2.1.3 Type A1\n 6.2.1.4 Type B\n 6.2.1.5 Type C\n 6.2.1.6 Type D\n 6.2.1.7 Type E\n 6.2.1.8 Double alliteration and increased prominence: uniformity in diversity\n 6.2.2 Verse classes and alliteration\n 6.3 The lexical basis of alliteration\n 6.3.1 Type A1\n 6.3.2 Type B\n 6.3.3 Type C\n 6.3.4 Generalizations: a comparative perspective\n 7 The stanza\n 7.1 Preliminaries\n 7.2 Distribution of verse classes, verse types, and their variants in the stanza\n 7.2.1 Types A1, A2, and A3\n 7.2.2 Type B\n 7.2.3 Type C\n 7.2.4 Types D, D*, and E\n 7.2.5 Verse classes\n 7.3 Anacrusis and catalexis\n 7.4 Resolution and alliteration\n 7.5 The cadence\n 7.6 The metrical organization of the stanza\nPart II. Málaháttr\n Introduction\n 8 The prototype of málaháttr: Atlamál in grœnlenzco\n 8.1 Verse types and their realizations\n 8.1.1 Type A1* (/ x x / x)\n 8.1.2 Type aA1 (x / x / x)\n 8.1.3 Type A2* (/ x x / \\)\n 8.1.4 Type A3* ([/] x x / x)\n 8.1.5 Type B* (x x / x /)\n 8.1.6 Type C* (x x / / x)\n 8.1.7 Type D (/ / x x)\n 8.1.8 Type D* (/ x / x x)\n 8.1.9 Type E (/ \\ x /)\n 8.2 The system of verse types\n 8.3 The cadence\n 8.4 Resolution\n 8.5 Alliteration\n 8.6 The stanza\n 8.7 A critique of Heusler’s (1956) identification of málaháttr with fornyrðislag\n 9 A peripheral variant of fornyrðislag/málaháttr 1: Atlaqviða in grœnlenzca\n 9.1 Verse types and their realizations\n 9.1.1 Type A1 (/ x / x)\n 9.1.2 Type aA1 (x / x / x)\n 9.1.3 Types A2a (/ \\ / x) and A2b (/ x / \\)\n 9.1.4 Type A3 ([/] x / x)\n 9.1.5 Type B (x / x /)\n 9.1.6 Type C (x / / x)\n 9.1.7 Type D (/ / x x)\n 9.1.8 Type D* (/ x / x x)\n 9.1.9 Type E (/ \\ x /)\n 9.2 The system of verse types, the cadence, and resolution\n 10 A peripheral variant of fornyrðislag/málaháttr 2: Hamðismál\n 10.1 Verse types and their realizations\n 10.1.1 Type A1 (/ x / x)\n 10.1.2 Type aA1 (x / x / x)\n 10.1.3 Types A2a (/ \\ / x) and A2b (/ x / \\)\n 10.1.4 Type A3 ([/] x / x)\n 10.1.5 Type B (x / x /)\n 10.1.6 Type C (x / / x)\n 10.1.7 Type D (/ / x x)\n 10.1.8 Type D* (/ x / x x)\n 10.1.9 Type E (/ \\ x /)\n 10.2 The system of verse types, the cadence, and resolution\n 11 A peripheral variant of fornyrðislag/málaháttr 3: Hárbarðzlióð\n 11.1 Verse types and their realizations\n 11.1.1 Type A1 (/ x / x)\n 11.1.2 Type aA1 (x / x / x)\n 11.1.3 Types A2a (/ \\ / x) and A2b (/ x / \\)\n 11.1.4 Type A3 ([/] x / x)\n 11.1.5 Type B (x / x /)\n 11.1.6 Type C* (x x / / x)\n 11.1.7 Type D* (/ x / x x)\n 11.1.8 Type E (/ \\ x /)\n 11.1.9 Overlong verses\n 11.2 The system of verse types, the cadence, and anacrusis\nPart III. Ljóðaháttr\n Introduction\n 12 The averse and the bverse\n 12.1 Verse types and their realizations\n 12.1.1 Type A1 (/ x / x)\n 12.1.2 Type aA1 (x / x / x)\n 12.1.3 Types A2a (/ \\ / x) and A2b (/ x / \\)\n 12.1.4 Type A3 ([/] x / x)\n 12.1.5 Type A1 (/ x / [x])\n 12.1.6 Type A2a (/ \\ / [x])\n 12.1.7 Type A3 ([/] x / [x])\n 12.1.8 Type B (x / x /)\n 12.1.9 Type C (x / / x)\n 12.1.10 Type C (x / / [x])\n 12.1.11 Type D (/ / x x)\n 12.1.12 Type D (/ / x [x])\n 12.1.13 Type D* (/ x / x x)\n 12.1.14 Type E (/ \\ x /)\n 12.1.15 Twoposition verses and overlong verses\n 12.2 The system of verse types and their realizations\n 12.3 Alliteration\n 12.4 A critique of Gering’s (1902) analysis\n 13 The cverse\n 13.1 Verse types and their realizations\n 13.1.1 Type A1 (/ x / x)\n 13.1.2 Type aA1 (x / x / x /)\n 13.1.3 Types A2a (/ \\ / x) and A2b (/ x / \\)\n 13.1.4 Type A3 ([/] x / x)\n 13.1.5 Type A1 (/ x / [x])\n 13.1.6 Type A2a (/ \\ / [x])\n 13.1.7 Type A3 ([/] x / [x])\n 13.1.8 Type B (x / x /)\n 13.1.9 Type C (x / / x)\n 13.1.10 Type C (x / / [x])\n 13.1.11 Type D (/ / x x)\n 13.1.12 Type D (/ / x [x])\n 13.1.13 Type D* (/ x / x x)\n 13.1.14 Type E (/ \\ x /)\n 13.1.15 Twoposition verses\n 13.2 The system of verse types and their realizations\n 13.3 Anacrusis, alliteration, resolution, and the cadence\n 13.3.1 Anacrusis\n 13.3.2 Alliteration\n 13.3.3 Resolution\n 13.3.4 The cadence\n 13.4 A critique of Sievers’s (1893) and Gering’s (1902) analysis\n 14 The stanza\n 14.1 Preliminaries\n 14.2 The averse\n 14.3 The bverse\n 14.4 The cverse\n 15 Conclusion\nAppendix 1: Catalogue of verse types\nAppendix 2: Dróttkætt and the eddic meters\nReferences\nIndex of scansion\nIndex of authors\nIndex of subjects\nIndex of verses