دانلود کتاب The Present Perfect in World Englishes: Charting Unity and Diversity

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werner_2014_present_perfect.pdf Acknowledgements List of abbreviations List of figures List of tables 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical and historical foundations 2.1 Time, temporality and typological aspects 2.2 Tense and aspect in English 2.3 Perfect and perfective 2.4 On the history of the English Present Perfect 2.5 The study of World Englishes 2.5.1 Models 2.5.2 Globalization of culture and language 2.5.3 World Englishes and versals 3 Previous research 3.1 The Present Perfect in descriptive grammars62F 3.2 Tense or aspect or something else? 3.2.1 Perfect as aspect 3.2.2 Perfect as tense 3.2.3 Perfect as a grammatical category of its own 3.2.4 Alternative views 3.3 Theoretical studies on the semantics and pragmatics of the Present Perfect 3.3.1 Monosemous accounts 3.3.1.1 Anteriority and posteriority 3.3.1.2 Current relevance 3.3.1.3 Extended-now (XN) 3.3.2 Polysemous accounts 3.3.2.1 Indefinite/existential past 3.3.2.2 Recent past/hot-news 3.3.2.3 Resultative past 3.3.2.4 Continuative past 3.3.3 Pragmatic approaches 3.3.4 Compositionality 3.4 The Present Perfect in non-standard varieties of English 3.5 Corpus-based (cross-)variational studies 3.5.1 Elsness 1997 3.5.2 Wynne 2000 3.5.3 Schlüter 2002a 3.5.4 Hundt & Biewer 2007 3.5.5 van Rooy 2009 3.5.6 Hundt & Smith 2009 3.5.7 Davydova 2011 3.6 Summary and discussion of implications for the present study 4 Methodology and data 4.1 The ICE project 4.2 Tagging, identification of Present Perfect occurrences and sampling 4.3 Coding of factors 4.3.1 Temporal adverbials 4.3.2 Aktionsart 4.3.3 Sentence type 4.3.4 Semantics 4.3.5 Preceding time reference 4.4 Multidimensional aggregational analysis 4.5 Caveats 5 The Present Perfect in worldwide varieties of English 5.1 British English 5.1.1 Temporal adverbials 5.1.2 Aktionsart 5.1.3 Sentence type 5.1.4 Semantics 5.1.5 Preceding time reference 5.1.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.2 Irish English (phase 5) 5.2.1 Temporal adverbials 5.2.2 Aktionsart 5.2.3 Sentence type 5.2.4 Semantics 5.2.5 Preceding time reference 5.2.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.3 Australian English (phase 5) 5.3.1 Temporal adverbials 5.3.2 Aktionsart 5.3.3 Sentence type 5.3.4 Semantics 5.3.5 Preceding time reference 5.3.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.4 New Zealand English (phase 5) 5.4.1 Temporal adverbials 5.4.2 Aktionsart 5.4.3 Sentence type 5.4.4 Semantics 5.4.5 Preceding time reference 5.4.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.5 Canadian English (phase 5) 5.5.1 Temporal adverbials 5.5.2 Aktionsart 5.5.3 Sentence type 5.5.4 Semantics 5.5.5 Preceding time reference 5.5.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.6 Philippine English (phase 3–4) 5.6.1 Temporal adverbials 5.6.2 Aktionsart 5.6.3 Sentence type 5.6.4 Semantics 5.6.5 Preceding time reference 5.6.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.7 Jamaican English (phase 4) 5.7.1 Temporal adverbials 5.7.2 Aktionsart 5.7.3 Sentence type 5.7.4 Semantics 5.7.5 Preceding time reference 5.7.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.8 Singaporean English (phase 4) 5.8.1 Temporal adverbials 5.8.2 Aktionsart 5.8.3 Sentence type 5.8.4 Semantics 5.8.5 Preceding time reference 5.8.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.9 Hong Kong English (phase 3) 5.9.1 Temporal adverbials 5.9.2 Aktionsart 5.9.3 Sentence type 5.9.4 Semantics 5.9.5 Preceding time reference 5.9.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 5.10 Indian English (phase 3) 5.10.1 Temporal adverbials 5.10.2 Aktionsart 5.10.3 Sentence type 5.10.4 Semantics 5.10.5 Preceding time reference 5.10.6 Perfect-friendliness and text type effects 6 The broader perspective 6.1 Overall comparison of varieties 6.2 Register, genre and text type effects 6.3 Involved versus informational texts 6.4 Case study 1: Alternative perfect forms 6.5 Case study 2: Temporal adverbials 6.6 Case study 3: The Present Perfect as a narrative tense 7 Discussion of the findings 7.1 Overlap or divergence? 7.2 Present Perfect versus Simple Past 7.3 Models of World English revisited 7.4 Central perfect environments and Miller revisited 8 Conclusion and outlook Appendices References