دانلود کتاب The social structure of the Neolithic population in the Pontic Steppe

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In: S. Kadrow and P. Włodarczak (eds.). Environment and subsistence – forty years after Janusz Kruk’s „Settlement studies…” (= Studien
zur Archäologie in Ostmitteleuropa / Studia nad Pradziejami Europy Środkowej 11). — Rzeszów, Bonn: Institute of Archaeology UR & Verlag Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, 2013. — pp. 395–408.The numerous large cemeteries known in the steppe interfluve of the Don and Dnieper provide a unique opportunity to reconstruct the social structure of the ancient population. It is possible that people of each culture from these territories belonged to a tribe that consisted of two clans. Each clan had common tribal traits in its burial rituals (extended inhumation, use of fire and stone in burial rites for the Azov-Dnieper culture, traditional adornments of clothes and sets of grave goods). However each clan had its specific features, such as east-west ornientation in the Low Don and Azov-Dnieper cultures and north-south in the Surskaya. Some details varied in the inventory and adornments of clothes. The existence of clans and community is very likely.