دانلود کتاب The Tyranny of Metrics

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Contents\nIntroduction\nI. THE ARGUMENT\nThe Argument in a Nutshell\nRecurring Flaws\nII. THE BACKGROUND\nThe Origins of Measuring and Paying for Performance\nWhy Metrics Became So Popular\nPrincipals, Agents, and Motivation\nPhilosophical Critiques\nIII. THE MISMEASURE OF ALL THINGS? Case Studies\nColleges and Universities\nSchools\nMedicine\nPolicing\nThe Military\nBusiness and Finance\nPhilanthropy and Foreign Aid\nExcursus\nWhen Transparency Is the Enemy of Performance: Politics, Diplomacy, Intelligence, and Marriage\nIV. CONCLUSIONS\nUnintended but Predictable Negative Consequences\nWhen and How to Use Metrics: A Checklist\nAcknowledgments\nNotes\nIndex