دانلود کتاب The West in the World Vol II: From the Renaissance

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CHAPTER 10 A NEW SPIRIT IN THE WEST: THE RENAISSANCE, CA. 1300–1640
A NEW SPIRIT EMERGES: INDIVIDUALISM, REALISM, AND ACTIVISM
The Renaissance: A Controversial Idea
Why Italy?
A Multifaceted Movement
Humanism: The Path to Self-Improvement
The Generosity of Patrons: Supporting New Ideas
BIOGRAPHY: Isabella d\'Este (1474–1539)
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 10.1: Isabella d\'Este Implores Leonardo da Vinci to Paint for Her
The Invention of the Printing Press: Spreading New Ideas
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: An Information Revolution: The Printing Press
THE POLITICS OF INDIVIDUAL EFFORT
The Italian City-States
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 10.1: Italy in 1454
Florence: Birthplace of the Renaissance
Venice: The Serene Republic?
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 10.2: Friar Savonarola Ignites a \"Bonfire of the Vanities\"
Milan and Naples: Two Principalities
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 10.2: The Venetian Empire in the Fifteenth Century
The Papal States
The Art of Diplomacy
INDIVIDUALISM AS SELF-INTEREST: LIFE DURING THE RENAISSANCE
Growing Intolerance
Economic Boom Times
Slavery Revived
Finding Comfort in Family
Children\'s Lives
AN AGE OF TALENT AND BEAUTY: RENAISSANCE CULTURE AND SCIENCE
Artists and Artisans
Architecture: Echoing the Human Form
Sculpture Comes into Its Own
Painting from a New Perspective
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Raphael, School of Athens, 1510–1511
Celestial Music of Human Emotions
Science or Pseudoscience?
Leonardo da Vinci: The \"Renaissance Man\"
RENAISSANCE OF THE \"NEW MONARCHIES\" OF THE NORTH, 1453–1640
France: Under the Italian Influence
Visual Arts in Northern Europe
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 10.3: France in the Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries
English Humanism
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 10.3: A Courtier Describes a Suspicious King—Louis the Spider
Renaissance London: A Booming City
England\'s Pride: William Shakespeare
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 11 \"ALONE BEFORE GOD\": RELIGIOUS REFORM AND WARFARE, 1500–1648
THE CLASH OF DYNASTIES, 1515–1555
Land-Hungry Monarchs
The Changing Rules of Warfare
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 11.1: Europe in 1526—Habsburg-Valois Wars
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Destruction and Amusement: The Development and Uses of Gunpowder
Winners and Losers
BIOGRAPHY: Martin Guerre (1524–1594)
The Habsburg-Valois Wars, 1521–1544
A TIDE OF RELIGIOUS REFORM
The Best Path to Salvation?
Desiderius Erasmus: \"Prince of Humanists\"
Luther\'s Revolution
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 11.1: Germans Rage Against Papal Exploitation
Protestant Religious Ideas
The Reformed Church Takes Root in Germany
Bringing Reform to the States in Switzerland
Anabaptists: The Radical Reformers
Calvinism and the Growing Middle Class
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 11.2: Marie Dentière Defends Reformation Women\'s Rights
Henry VIII and the English Church
THE CATHOLIC REFORMATION
The Stirring of Reform in Spain
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 11.2: Religions in Europe, ca. 1600
The Society of Jesus
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 11.3: Ignatius Loyola Argues for Education as a Solution
The Council of Trent, 1545–1563
Catholics on the Offense
EUROPE ERUPTS AGAIN: A CENTURY OF RELIGIOUS WARFARE, 1559–1648
French Wars of Religion, 1562–1598
A \"Council of Blood\" in the Netherlands, 1566–1609
The Thirty Years\' War, 1618–1648
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 11.3: The Thirty Years\' War, 1618–1648
Peace at Westphalia
LIFE AFTER THE REFORMATION
New Definitions of Courtship and Marriage
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 11.4: Europe, 1648
Forging a Link Between Education and Work
Anxiety and Spiritual Insecurity
Searching for Scapegoats: The Hunt for Witches
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 12 FAITH, FORTUNE, AND FAME: EUROPEAN EXPANSION, 1450–1700
THE WORLD IMAGINED
The Lure of the East
Imagined Peoples
Ptolemy\'s Map
THE WORLD DISCOVERED
Fame, Fortune, and Faith: The Drive to Explore
New Technologies and Travel
The Portuguese Race for the East, 1418–1600
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 12.1: Exploration and Conquest, Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries
Spain\'s Westward Discoveries, 1492–1522
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 12.1: Amerigo Vespucci Describes the New World
The Northern Europeans Join the Race, 1497–1650
CONFRONTATION OF CULTURES
The Original Americans South of the Rio Grande
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 12.2: European Expansion, ca. 1700
The Original Northern Americans
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 12.3: Indigenous Peoples and Empires in the Americas, ca. 1500
Early Contacts
Conquest of the Great Empires, 1520–1550
North American Contacts
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: The Inca Empire Falls
Life and Death Under European Rule, 1550–1700
The African Slave Trade
Gathering Souls in the New Lands
THE WORLD MARKET AND COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
High Prices and Profits: Trading on the World Stage
The Rise of Commercial Capitalism
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 12.2: Thomas Mun Praises Trade
Mercantilism: Controlling the Balance of Trade
The Growth of Banking
The Danger of Overspending: Spain Learns a Lesson
Redefining Work Roles
Piracy: Banditry on a World Scale, 1550–1700
BIOGRAPHY: Maria Sibylla Merian (1647–1717)
THE WORLD TRANSFORMED
European Culture Spreads
European Culture Transformed
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Festival Scene Painted on a Screen, Mexico, ca. 1650
A New Worldview
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 13 THE STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL AND SOVEREIGNTY: EUROPE\'S SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ORDER, 1600–1715
STRESSES IN TRADITIONAL SOCIETY
Mounting Demands on Rural Life
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Louis le Nain, The Cart, 1641
Pressures on the Upper Orders
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 13.1: Bishop Bossuet Justifies Monarchical Absolutism
ROYAL ABSOLUTISM IN FRANCE
Henry IV Secures the Monarchy
Richelieu Elevates Royal Authority
Mazarin Overcomes the Opposition
The Sun King Rises
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 13.2: Louis XIV Describes Monarchical Rights and Duties
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 13.1: France Under Louis XIV, 1661–1715
THE STRUGGLE FOR SOVEREIGNTY IN EASTERN EUROPE
Centralizing the State in Brandenburg-Prussia
Austria Expands Its Control
The Ottoman Challenge
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 13.2: Central and Eastern Europe, 1648
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 13.3: Central and Eastern Europe, 1640–1725
Russia and Its Tsars Gain Prominence
The Victory of the Nobility in Poland
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: The Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire in India
THE TRIUMPH OF CONSTITUTIONALISM
The Nobility Loses Respect
Protestantism Revitalized
James I Invokes the Divine Right of Kings
Charles I Alienates Parliament
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 13.4: The English Civil War, 1642–1649
\"God Made Men and the Devil Made Kings\": Civil War, 1642–1649
The King Laid Low
A Puritan Republic Is Born: The Commonwealth, 1649–1660
Who Has the Power to Rule?
The Monarchy Restored, 1660–1688
The Glorious Revolution
Royalism Reconsidered: John Locke
BIOGRAPHY: Samuel Pepys (1633–1703)
The Netherlands Maintain a Republic
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 13.5: The United Provinces and the Spanish Netherlands, 1609
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 13.3: An Ambassador Describes the Dutch Government
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 14 A NEW WORLD OF REASON AND REFORM: THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND THE ENLIGHTENMENT, 1600–1800
QUESTIONING TRUTH AND AUTHORITY
Reasoning and Technology: East and West
The Old View
Undermining the Old View
DEVELOPING A MODERN SCIENTIFIC VIEW
Astronomy and Physics: From Copernicus to Newton
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 14.1: Kepler and Galileo Exchange Letters About Science
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 14.2: Isaac Newton: God in a Scientific Universe
The Revolution Spreads: Medicine, Anatomy, and Chemistry
The Methodology of Science Emerges
SUPPORTING AND SPREADING SCIENCE
Courts and Salons
The Rise of Royal Societies
Religion and the New Science
The New Worldview
LAYING THE FOUNDATIONS FOR THE ENLIGHTENMENT
Science Popularized
Skepticism and Religion
Eastern Customs and Criticism of Authority
THE ENLIGHTENMENT IN FULL STRIDE
The Philosophes
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 14.3: Condorcet Lauds the Power of Reason
The Encyclopedia
Battling the Church
Reforming Society
BIOGRAPHY: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778)
The Culture and Spread of the Enlightenment
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Léonard Defrance, At the Shield of Minerva, 1781
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 15 COMPETING FOR POWER AND WEALTH: THE OLD REGIME, 1715–1789
STATEBUILDING AND WAR
Rising Ambitions in Eastern Europe
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 15.1: Europe, 1721
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 15.1: Landlords and Serfs in Russia
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 15.2: The Expansion of Russia and the Partition of Poland, 1721–1795
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 15.3: Prussia and the Austrian Empire, 1721–1772
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 15.2: Austria\'s Empress Explains the Diplomatic Revolution
Warfare in the Eighteenth Century
Western Europe and the Great Colonial Rivalry
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 15.4: Overseas Colonies and Trade, 1740
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 15.3: Olaudah Equiano Describes the Middle Passage
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: Western Africa, Brazil, and the Atlantic Slave Trade
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 15.5: India, 1756–1805
THE TWILIGHT OF MONARCHIES? THE QUESTION OF ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 15.6 AND 15.7: North America, 1755 and 1763
CHANGES IN COUNTRY AND CITY LIFE
The Agricultural Revolution
Manufacturing Spreads in the Countryside: Cottage Industry
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: The Golden Age of Canals
More People, Longer Lives
Deepening Misery for the Poor
Prosperity and the Bourgeoisie
THE CULTURE OF THE ELITE: COMBINING THE OLD AND THE NEW
The Advent of the Modern Novel
Pride and Sentiment in Art and Architecture
Reaching New Heights in Music
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Jean-Baptiste Greuze, The Father\'s Curse, ca. 1778
The Grand Tour
CULTURE FOR THE LOWER CLASSES
Festivals and Popular Literature
BIOGRAPHY: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791)
Gin and Beer
Religious Revivals
FORESHADOWING UPHEAVAL: THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
Insults, Interests, and Principles: The Seeds of Revolt
A War for Independence
Creating the New Nation
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
THE WORLD & THE WEST: Moving into the Modern World
CHAPTER 16 OVERTURNING THE POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORDER: THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND NAPOLEON, 1789–1815
\"A GREAT FERMENT\": TROUBLE BREWING IN FRANCE
The Financial Crisis Weakens the Monarchy
The Underlying Causes of the Revolution
The Tennis Court Oath
Storming the Bastille
The End of the Old Order
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 16.1: New Laws End the Feudal System in France
THE CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY: ESTABLISHING A NEW ORDER
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 16.1 AND 16.2: Reorganizing France in 1789
The King Discredited
Reactions Outside France
TO THE RADICAL REPUBLIC AND BACK
War and the Breakdown of Order
Radical Republicans Struggle for Power
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 16.2: The Jacobins\' Revolutionary Politics
The Terror
BIOGRAPHY: Manon Roland (1754–1793)
The Republic of Virtue
The Revolution Spreads Outside of France
Resistance to the Republic Rises
Reaction: The \"White\" Terror and the Directory
NAPOLEON BONAPARTE
Napoleon\'s Rise to Power
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 16.3: France and Its Sister Republics
Napoleon Consolidates Control
Reforming France
Creating the Empire
War and Conquest
The Impact Overseas
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 16.4: Europe, 1810
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 16.3: Napoleon Issues an Imperial Decree at Madrid
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 16.5: Latin America After Independence
Decline and Fall
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Francisco de Goya, The Executions of the Third of May, 1808
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 17 FACTORIES, CITIES, AND FAMILIES IN THE INDUSTRIAL AGE: THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION, 1780–1850
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION BEGINS
Why the West and Not the East
Britain\'s Unique Set of Advantages
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: Cross-Cultural Misunderstandings: China and Great Britain
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 17.1: Eighteenth-Century England
A Revolution in Agriculture
NEW MARKETS, MACHINES, AND POWER
The Rising Demand for Goods
Cotton Leads the Way
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: The Electric Motor
Iron: New Processes Transform Production
The Steam Engine and the Factory System
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 17.1: Andrew Ure Defends Industrial Capitalism
Coal: Fueling the Revolution
Railroads: Carrying Industrialization Across the Land
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: William Powell Frith, The Railway Station, 1862
Britain\'s Triumph: The Crystal Palace Exhibition
INDUSTRIALIZATION SPREADS TO THE CONTINENT
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 17.2: The Industrial Revolution in Europe, 1850
BALANCING THE BENEFITS AND BURDENS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION
The Middle Class
The Working Classes
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 17.2: Factory Owners Establish Discipline for Workers
Developing Working-Class Consciousness
LIFE IN THE GROWING CITIES
The Promise and Pitfalls of Work in the Cities
Living with Urban Growth
Worrying About Urban Society: Rising Crime
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 17.3: A Middle-Class Reformer Describes Workers\' Housing
PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICINE IN THE INDUSTRIAL AGE
The Danger of Disease
Seeking Medical Care
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 17.3: The Spread of a Cholera Epidemic
Promising Developments for Public Health
FAMILY IDEALS AND REALITIES
Middle-Class Ideals: Affection, Children, and Privacy
Separate Spheres: Changing Roles for Middle-Class Women and Men
BIOGRAPHY: The Cadburys
Working-Class Realities
Prostitution
Stress and Survival in the Working Classes
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 18 COPING WITH CHANGE: IDEOLOGY, POLITICS, AND REVOLUTION, 1815–1850
THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA: A GATHERING OF VICTORS
The Concert of Europe: Securing the Vienna Settlement
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 18.1: Europe, 1815
IDEOLOGIES: HOW THE WORLD SHOULD BE
Conservatism: Restoring the Traditional Order
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 18.1: A Conservative Theorist Attacks Political Reform
Liberalism: Individual Freedom and Political Reform
Nationalism: A Common Identity and National Liberation
BIOGRAPHY: John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) and Harriet Taylor (1807–1858)
Romanticism: Freedom, Instinct, and Spontaneity
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Karl Friedrich Schinkel, Medieval Town on a River, 1815
Early Socialism: Ending Competition and Inequities
\"Scientific Socialism\": Karl Marx and The Communist Manifesto
RESTORATION AND REPRESSION
The Return of the Bourbons in France
Reaction and Repression in the German States
Restoration in Italy
Conservatism in Russia
Holding the Line in Great Britain
A WAVE OF REVOLUTION AND REFORM
The Greek War for Independence
Liberal Triumphs in Western Europe
Testing Authority in Eastern and Southern Europe
Liberal Demands in Great Britain
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 18.2: European Revolts, 1820–1831
THE DAM BURSTS, 1848
The \"Glory Days\"
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 18.2: France\'s Provisional Government Issues Decrees
The Return to Order
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 18.3: European Revolts, 1848–1849
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 18.3: German Liberals and Nationalists Rally for Reform
What Happened?
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 19 NATIONALISM AND STATEBUILDING: UNIFYING NATIONS, 1850–1870
BUILDING UNIFIED NATION-STATES
THE DRIVE FOR ITALIAN UNIFICATION
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 19.1: Garibaldi Appeals to Italians for Support
GERMANY \"BY BLOOD AND IRON\"
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Garibaldi Landing in Sicily
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 19.1: The Unification of Italy
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 19.2: Bismarck Masters Politics in Prussia
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 19.2: The Unification of Germany
THE FIGHT FOR NATIONAL UNITY IN NORTH AMERICA
DIVIDED AUTHORITY IN THE AUSTRIAN AND OTTOMAN EMPIRES
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 19.3: Language Groups of Austria-Hungary
USING NATIONALISM IN FRANCE AND RUSSIA
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 19.4: The Decline of the Ottoman Empire, 1683–1914
Napoleon III and the Second Empire
Alexander II and Russia
BIOGRAPHY: Florence Nightingale (1820–1910)
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 19.3: A Serf Reacts to the Russian Emancipation Proclamation
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 20 MASS POLITICS AND IMPERIAL DOMINATION: DEMOCRACY AND THE NEW IMPERIALISM, 1870–1914
DEMANDS FOR DEMOCRACY
Liberal Democracy in Western Europe
For and Against Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe
INSIDERS AND OUTSIDERS: POLITICS OF THE EXTREMES
The Spread of Unions
Socialism Gains Strength
Anarchism: Freedom from All Authority
Anti-Semitism and Ultranationalism
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 20.1: Jewish Migration, 1870–1914
Still Outsiders: Women, Feminism, and the Right to Vote
EMIGRATION: OVERSEAS AND ACROSS CONTINENTS
Leaving Europe
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Eugène Laermans, The Emigrants, 1896
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 20.1: Kaiser William II Links Nationalism and Imperialism
THE NEW IMPERIALISM: THE RACE FOR AFRICA AND ASIA
Money and Glory
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 20.2: Economics and Imperialism in Africa
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 20.3: Progress and the Struggle of Race with Race
The Tools of Conquest
The Scramble for Africa
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 20.2: Imperialism in Africa, ca. 1885
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 20.3: Imperialism in Africa, 1914
Establishing Control in Asia
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 20.4: The Middle East and Central Asia, 1850–1914
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: Opium and the West in China
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 20.5: Imperialism in Asia, 1840–1914
The Legacy of Imperialism
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 21 MODERN LIFE AND THE CULTURE OF PROGRESS: WESTERN SOCIETY, 1850–1914
THE SECOND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Steel Leads the Way
New Transportation and Communication Networks
The Birth of Big Business
The Lure of Shopping
Western and Non-Western Worlds: The Race for Wealth
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: Economic Transformation in Latin America
THE NEW URBAN LANDSCAPE
Rebuilding Cities
Sewers and Subways
CITY PEOPLE
On Top of It All: The Urban Elite
Pride and Success: The \"Solid\" Middle Class
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 21.1: John Stuart Mill Argues for Women\'s Rights
Hardworking and Hopeful: The Lower Middle Class
The \"Other Half\": The Working Classes
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Léon Frédéric, The Stages of a Worker\'s Life, 1895–1897
What to Do About \"Them\"
SPORTS AND LEISURE IN THE CITIES
Building Character Through Athletics
The New Tourist
PRIVATE LIFE: TOGETHER AND ALONE AT HOME
Family: The Promise of Happiness
A Home of One\'s Own
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 21.2: Beeton\'s Guide for Women
Poor Housing
Intimacy and Morality
Sexual Realities
Psychic Stress and Alcoholism
SCIENCE IN AN AGE OF OPTIMISM
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Universities and the Professionalization of Science
Science, Evolution, and Religion
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 21.3: Walter Bagehot on Natural Selection and Human History
Mysteries of the Material and Human World
Germs, Cures, and Health Care
CULTURE: ACCEPTING THE MODERN WORLD
Realism and Naturalism: The Details of Social Life
Impressionism: Celebrating Modern Life
FROM OPTIMISM TO UNCERTAINTY
BIOGRAPHY: Claude Monet (1840–1926)
Everything Is Relative
Sex, Conflict, and the Unconscious
Fear of Social Disintegration
Disenchantment Sets In
Art Turns Inward
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 22 DESCENDING INTO THE TWENTIETH CENTURY: WORLD WAR AND REVOLUTION, 1914–1920
ON THE PATH TO TOTAL WAR
Rivalries and Alliances
Crises in the Balkans
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 22.1 AND 22.2: The Balkans, 1878 and 1914
THE FRONT LINES
Off to Battle
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 22.1: A Russian Socialist Supports the War Effort
The Schlieffen Plan
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 22.3: World War I
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 22.4: The Western Front
Slaughter and Stalemate on the Western Front
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: The Invention of the Tank
Victory and Defeat on the Eastern and Southern Fronts
The War Spreads Across the Globe
WAR ON THE HOME FRONT
Mobilizing Resources
New Gender Roles
Maintaining the Effort
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Let Us Never Forget
TO THE BITTER END
ASSESSING THE LOSSES
THE PEACE SETTLEMENT
BIOGRAPHY: Käthe Kollwitz (1867–1945)
Gathering at Versailles
A Victors\' Peace
Redrawing the Maps of Europe and the Middle East
Legacy of the Peace Treaty
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 22.2: In the Trenches and Beyond
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 22.5: Europe, 1923
REVOLUTIONS IN RUSSIA
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 22.6: The Middle East, 1923
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 22.3: Keynes Warns of the Economic Consequences of the Peace
The First Warnings, 1905
The Fall of the Tsar
The Provisional Government
The Rise of the Bolsheviks
Communism and Civil War
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 22.7: Civil War in Russia, 1919
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 23 DARKENING DECADES: RECOVERY, DICTATORS, AND DEPRESSION, 1920–1939
TRYING TO RECOVER FROM THE GREAT WAR, 1919–1929
The Victors Just Hold On
Continuing Crises in Germany
Conciliation and a Glimpse of Prosperity
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: Penicillin and Antibiotics
The Roaring Twenties?
THINKING ABOUT DOCUMENT 23.1: Postwar Strains in Germany
The Anxious Twenties
TURNING AWAY FROM DEMOCRACY: DICTATORSHIPS AND FASCISM, 1919–1929
Authoritarianism in East-Central Europe
BIOGRAPHY: Virginia Woolf (1882–1941)
The Rise of Fascism in Italy
NAZISM IN GERMANY
The Young Adolf Hitler
The Birth of Nazism in Germany\'s Postwar Years
The Growth of the Nazi Party
The Appeal of Nazism
Hitler Takes Power
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 23.2: Goebbels\'s Nazi Propaganda Pamphlet
Life in Nazi Germany
Rebuilding and Rearming the New Germany
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Felix Nussbaum, Self-Portrait with Jewish Identity Card, 1943
TRANSFORMING THE SOVIET UNION, 1920–1939
Lenin\'s Compromise: The NEP
The Struggle to Succeed Lenin
Stalin\'s Five-Year Plans
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 23.3: Stalin Collectivizes Agriculture
Blood and Terror: The Great Purges
THE GREAT DEPRESSION, 1929–1939
Crash!
In the Teeth of the Depression
Searching for Solutions
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 24 INTO THE FIRE AGAIN: WORLD WAR II, 1939–1945
THE ROAD TO WAR, 1931–1939
International Affairs Break Down
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 24.1: The Spread of Authoritarian Governments
Civil War in Spain
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Pablo Picasso, Guernica, 1937
Trying to Cope with Germany
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 24.2: The Spanish Civil War, 1936–1939
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 24.3: German Expansion, 1936–1939
AXIS VICTORIES, 1939–1942
Triumph of the German Blitzkrieg
War in North Africa and the Balkans
Operation Barbarossa: Germany Invades the Soviet Union
Japan Attacks
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 24.4: World War II in Europe
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 24.5: World War II in the Pacific
BEHIND THE LINES: THE STRUGGLE AND THE HORROR
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: The Rise of Japanese Ultranationalism
The Holocaust
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 24.1: The Nazi Death Camps
Collaboration and Resistance
Mobilizing the Home Fronts
TURNING THE TIDE OF WAR, 1942–1945
The Eastern Front and the Battle of Stalingrad
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 24.2: Women Go to Work in the Factories
The Southern Fronts
The Western Front
The War in the Pacific
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 24.3: \"We Shall Plunge into Enemy Ships\"
PEACE AND THE LEGACY OF WAR
The Settlement
The Legacy of War
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
THE WORLD & THE WEST: Forming the Present
CHAPTER 25 SUPERPOWER STRUGGLES AND GLOBAL TRANSFORMATIONS: THE COLD WAR, 1945–1980s
ORIGINS OF THE COLD WAR
The Heart of the Cold War
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 25.1: Europe After World War II
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 25.2: Europe During the Cold War
The Global Impact of the Cold War
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 25.1: The Cold War and Nuclear Weapons
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 25.3: Cold War Alliances and Conflicts
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 25.4: Vietnam and Southeast Asia
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Wolf Vostell, Miss America, 1968
Détente
EAST AND WEST: TWO PATHS TO RECOVERY IN EUROPE
Tight Control in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
Parliamentary Politics and Prosperity in the Western Democracies
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 25.2: A Warning About the United States
Assessing the Paths Taken
THE TWILIGHT OF COLONIALISM
Revolts in Southern Asia
Conflict in the Middle East
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 25.5: The Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1947–1982
Liberating Africa
GLOBAL CONNECTIONS: Apartheid in South Africa
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 25.6: Decolonization
A SENSE OF RELATIVITY IN THOUGHT AND CULTURE
Existentialism: Responsibility and Despair
A Culture of Contrasts and Criticism
PROTESTS, PROBLEMS, AND NEW POLITICS: THE 1960s TO THE 1980s
A Flurry of Social Protests and Movements
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 25.3: An Oxford Student Explains Revolutionary Attitudes
Stagnant Growth and Rising Inflation
BIOGRAPHY: Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986)
The New Political Landscape
POSTINDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
Changing Fortunes in the Postindustrial Society
The Baby Boom and the Booming Cities
The Shifting Foundations of Family and Private Life
The \"Sexual Revolution\" and the Youth Culture
BREAKTHROUGHS IN SCIENCE
From the Universe Above to the Universe Within
The Information Revolution
Transforming Medicine
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
CHAPTER 26 INTO THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: THE PRESENT IN PERSPECTIVE
THE COLLAPSE OF COMMUNISM
Undermining Communism in the Soviet Union
Gorbachev Launches Reforms
Revolutions in Eastern Europe
BIOGRAPHY: Václav Havel (1936–2011)
The Soviet Union Disintegrates
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.1: Eastern Europe, 1989
Life After the Collapse of Communism
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 26.1: The End of the Cold War
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.2: The Dissolution of the Soviet Union, 1991
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.3 AND 26.4: Disintegration of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, 1991–2007
Nationalism Unleashed
REPERCUSSIONS AND REALIGNMENTS IN THE WEST
The United States Unchallenged and Germany Rising
Politics Shift to the Right
Toward European Integration
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.5: The European Union, 2012
THE WORLD AND THE WEST FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
East Asia and the Rise of the Pacific Rim
The Challenge of Islam
International Terrorism and War
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.6: Israel and the Occupied Territories, 2010
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.7: The Middle East and Iraq, 2003
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 26.2: War in Afghanistan
Upheavals in North Africa and the Middle East
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.8: Afghanistan, Kashmir, and South-Central Asia, 2002
Across Borders: Cultural Conflict and Convergence
Beyond Borders: Uncertainty and Opportunity in a Shrinking World
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.9: The Growth of Cities
THINKING ABOUT GEOGRAPHY 26.10: Global Environmental Problems
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: VISUALS: Charles Michael Helmken, Loveaidspeople, 1989
THINKING ABOUT SOURCES: DOCUMENT 26.3: The Copenhagen Accord on Climate Change
THINKING ABOUT SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY: CERN
LOOKING BACK & MOVING FORWARD
GLOSSARY
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CREDITS
INDEX
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