دانلود کتاب The World Today: Concepts and Regions in Geography

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Cover Title Page Copyright Brief Contents Contents Chapter 1: Introduction: World Regional Geography A World on Maps Maps in Our Minds Mapping Revolutions Technology & Geography: Geospatial Data: Understanding Our World Geography’s Perspective Environment and Society Spatial Patterns Scale and Scope World Geographic Realms Criteria for Geographic Realms Delineating Realms: Boundaries and Transition Zones Geographic Realms: Dynamic Entities Two Types of Realms Regions Within Realms Criteria for Regions Interconnections The Physical Setting Natural Landscapes Geology and Natural Hazards Climate Global Climate Change: The Anthropocene Realms of Population Major Population Clusters Toward an Urban World Realms of Culture The Geography of Language Landscapes of Religion A World of States The European Origins of the Modern State Power and Geopolitics Geographies of Development Development in Spatial Perspective A Complex, Core–Periphery World Uneven Development and Spatial Inequalities Globalization Globalization and Environmental Challenges Globalization and Population Movements Geographic Information Analysis: The Geography Of CO2 Emissions Regional and Thematic Geographies Geographic Information Analysis: Global Migration Flows Chapter 2: The North American Realm DEFINING THE REALM Population Clusters North America’s Physiography Physiographic Regions Climate Global Climate Change in North America Great Lakes and Great Rivers Native Americans and European Settlement Cultural Foundations of the New Americans: Reality and Myth The Federal Map of North America The Distribution of Natural Resources Urbanization and the Spatial Economy Industrial Cities Realm of Railroads Deindustrialization and Suburbanization The Information Economy and City Regions The Polycentric Metropolis Geographies of Inequality Technology & Geography: GPS, Sensors, and Self-Driving Cars Geographic Information Analysis: Geography and Elections in the United States The Making of a Multicultural Realm Historical Patterns of Mobility and Immigration Geographic Information Analysis: Race and Housing Values in Los Angeles The Challenge of Multiculturalism Regionalism in Canada: Divisive Forces Canada’s Spatial Structure Cultural Contrasts Canada’s Indigenous Peoples Regionalism and Ethnicity in the United States REGIONS OF NORTH AMERICA Region The Northeast (1) Region North Atlantic Coast (2) Region French Canada (3) Region The Southeast (4) Region The Southwest (5) Region The West Coast (6) Region The Rocky Mountains Region (7) Region The Midwest (8) Region The Northern Frontier (9) Chapter 3: The Middle American Realm DEFINING THE REALM A Realm of High Densities and Cultural Diversity The “Latin” America Misnomer The Realm’s Northern Boundary A Troubled Border Zone Physical Geography of Middle America A Land Bridge Island Chains Challenging Terrain and Atmosphere Altitudinal Zonation of Environments Tropical Deforestation Cultural Geography Mesoamerican Legacy Spanish Conquest Collision of Cultures Political and Economic Fragmentation Independence Regional Contrasts Small-Island Developing Economies The Push for Regional Integration The Importance of Regional Connections Geographic Information Analysis: Connectivity and Economic Development in Middle America REGIONS OF MIDDLE AMERICA Region Mexico Physiography Regional Diversity Population and Urbanization Patterns A Mix of Cultures Agriculture: Fragmented Modernization Evolving Economic Geographies States of Contrast The Drug Wars Region The Central American Republics A Land Bridge Trapped in the Narcotics Trade Guatemala Belize Honduras El Salvador Panama Technology & Geography: The Shipping Container Geographic Information Analysis: Remittances Between the United States and Middle America Nicaragua Costa Rica The Caribbean Basin Fragmentation, Insularity, and Vulnerability Social Cleavages Region The Greater Antilles Cuba Jamaica Haiti Dominican Republic Puerto Rico Region The Lesser Antilles Chapter 4: The South American Realm DEFINING THE REALM Explorers’ Continent Myriad Climates and Habitats States Ancient and Modern The Inca State The Iberian Invaders Independence and Isolation The Population Map—Then and Now Cultural Geographies Indigenous Reawakening African Descendants Ethnic Landscapes Economic Geography Agricultural Land Use and Deforestation Technology & Geography: Remote Sensing and Deforestation The Geography of Cocaine Industrial Development Economic Integration Dependence on Raw Materials Urbanization and Its Regional Expressions Rural-to-Urban Migration Regional Patterns Problems of Inequality The United States and China in South America The Shadow of the United States China’s Growing Economic Clout Geographic Information Analysis: Income Inequality in South American States and Cities REGIONS OF SOUTH AMERICA Region The Caribbean North Colombia Venezuela The “Three Guianas Region The Andean West Peru Ecuador Bolivia Global Climate Change on Bolivia’s Altiplano Paraguay Region The Southern Cone Argentina Geographic Information Analysis: Wine Growing Regions of the World Uruguay Region Brazil: Giant of South America Population and Culture Inequality and Poverty Development Prospects Brazil’s Subregions Chapter 5: The European Realm DEFINING THE REALM Physical Geography Global Climate Change in Europe Locational Advantages Technology & Geography: What is GIS Modern Historical Geography The Industrial Revolution Political Transformations Contemporary Europe: A Dynamic Realm Cultural Diversity Spatial Interaction A Highly Urbanized Realm European Unification Postwar Motivations The Unification Process Consequences of Unification One Market A New Economic Geography Diminished State Power and New Regionalism Recent Challenges of Integration The Changing Risks of Expansion The Challenges of a Single Currency “Brexit”: A Historic Referendum The Remaining Outsiders European Geopolitics NATO Expansion Geopolitics in the Baltics Europe’s Refugee Crisis The Specter of Islamic Terror in Europe Geographic Information Analysis: Demography is Destiny? Migration, Multicultural Challenges, and Prospects of Integration Immigration from Outside the EU Migration Within the EU REGIONS OF EUROPE Region Western Europe Germany France Benelux The Alpine States The Czech Republic The United Kingdom (UK Republic of Ireland Region Northern Europe Sweden Norway Denmark Finland Iceland Region Mediterranean Europe Spain and Portugal Italy Slovenia and Croatia Greece, Cyprus, and Malta Region Eastern Europe The Balkans East-Central Europe The Baltic States The Eastern Periphery Geographic Information Analysis: Ukraine: A Linguistic and Economic Transition Zone Europe’s Future Prospects Chapter 6: The Russian/Central Asian Realm DEFINING THE REALM Physical Geography of Russia/Central Asia Physiographic Regions Climate and Vegetation Climates and Peoples Climate Change and Arctic Prospects Global Climate Change in Russia Ecologies at Risk Technology & Geography: Russia’s Nuclear Icebreakers in the Arctic Ocean Natural Resources of Russia and Central Asia Russia’s Czarist Roots Grand Duchy of Muscovy Eighteenth-Century Czarist Russia Nineteenth-Century Expansion A Multinational Empire The Soviet Experiment (1922–1991) The Soviet Territorial Framework The Soviet Economic Framework The Downfall of the Soviet Union Post-Soviet Russia and the Near Abroad A Complex Cultural Mosaic The Near Abroad Playing Russia’s Energy Card Militarizing the Arctic REGIONS OF RUSSIA AND CENTRAL ASIA The New Russia Russia’s Political-Administrative Structure Russia’s Shrinking Population A Volatile and Uneven Economy Geographic Information Analysis: Population Change Across Russia Region The Russian Core Central Industrial Region Povolzhye: The Volga Region The Urals Region Region Southern Siberia The Kuznetsk Basin (Kuzbas The Lake Baikal Area (Baikaliya Region Northern Siberia Region The Russian Far East Region Transcaucasia Russia’s Internal Periphery and the Case of Chechnya Russia’s External Periphery Geographic Information Analysis: Ethnic Geographies of Southern Russia and Transcaucasia Region Central Asia A New Silk Road? Chapter 7: The North African/Southwest Asian Realm DEFINING THE REALM Ancient Hearths of Cultures Dimensions of Culture Rivers and Communities Stage for Islam The Faith The Arab-Islamic Empire Islam and Other Religions Islam Divided The Ottoman Empire and Its Aftermath Economic Geography The Power and Peril of Oil Winners and Losers A Foreign Invasion The Impact of Oil Across the Realm Technology & Geography: Global Water Needs and Desalination Oil-Generated Inequalities Pervasive Political Geographies The Absence of Democratic Traditions The Arab Spring of 2011 Geographic Information Analysis: Development and Democracy Unfulfilled Arab-Spring Promises Politics and Religion Terrorism in the Name of Islam ISIS: From International Network to Territorial State, and Back The Refugee Problem A Realm in Turmoil REGIONS OF NORTH AFRICA/SOUTHWEST ASIA Region Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin Gift of the Nile Political Upheaval and Economic Challenges Sudan Region The Middle East Iraq’s Enduring Importance Syria Jordan Lebanon Israel and the Palestinian Territories Region The Arabian Peninsula Saudi Arabia The Gulf States Yemen Region The Empire States Turkey Iran Region The Maghreb and Its Neighbors The Maghreb Countries Libya Adjoining Saharan Africa Region The African Transition Zone The Horn of Africa Chapter 8: The Subsaharan African Realm DEFINING THE REALM Africa’s Physiography Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics Africa’s Historical Geography African Genesis Early Trade Early States Beyond West Africa Geographic Information Analysis: Ethnic Groups of Subsaharan Africa The Colonial Transformation Impact of the Slave Trade Colonization Human–Environment Relations Colonial Legacy The Geography of Farming Population and Health Epidemics and Pandemics Major Advances in the Fight Against HIV/AIDS Ebola Crises Cultural Geographies African Languages Religion Urbanization and Africa’s Dual Economies Urban Housing Innovations: The i-Shack Africa Rising? China’s Role in Emerging Africa Geographic Information Analysis: China’s Exports to Subsaharan Africa Africa’s Pressing Need for Supranational Cooperation REGIONS OF SUBSAHARAN AFRICA Region West Africa Nigeria Coast and Interior Region East Africa Tanzania Ethiopia Uganda Rwanda and Burundi Kenya Madagascar Region Equatorial Africa Technology & Geography: Mobile Money in Subsaharan Africa The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRCongo Across the River South Sudan Region Southern Africa Africa’s Resource-Rich Region The Northern Tier Global Climate Change in Subsaharan Africa The Middle Tier South Africa Chapter 9: The South Asian Realm DEFINING THE REALM South Asia’s Physiography A Tectonic Encounter The Monsoon Physiographic Regions Birthplace of Civilizations and Religions Indus Valley Civilization Aryans and the Origins of Hinduism Buddhism and Other Indigenous Religions Foreign Invaders The Reach of Islam The European Intrusion The Geopolitics of Modern South Asia Partition and Independence India–Pakistan Contested Kashmir Afghanistan-Pakistan-India: A Dangerous Triad India–China Relations Emerging Markets and Fragmented Modernization Technology & Geography: Drones of War Economic Liberalization The Significance of Agriculture Geographic Information Analysis: Comparing the Megacities of Dhaka and Los Angeles South Asia’s Population Geography Population Density and the Question of Overpopulation The Demographic Transition Demographic Burdens Global Climate Change in South Asia Gender Bias: The Missing Girls Geographic Information Analysis: Female/Male Sex Ratios across India REGIONS OF SOUTH ASIA Region The West: Afghanistan’s Transition Zone The Emergence of the Taliban and Al Qaeda The U.S.-Led Invasion of Afghanistan and Its Aftermath Region The West: Pakistan A Hard Place to Govern The Four Subregions of Pakistan Region India: Giant of the Realm A Federation of States and Peoples India’s Changing Map Communal Tensions The Caste System Economic Geography Urbanization Region Bangladesh A Vulnerable Territory Limited Opportunities, Creative Development Strategies Region The Northern Mountain States Nepal Bhutan Region The Southern Islands The Maldives Sri Lanka: A Fragile Ethnic Mosaic Chapter 10: The East Asian Realm DEFINING THE REALM Geographic Dimensions China’s Dominance Environment and Population The Great Rivers Along the Coast Natural Resources Peoples of the East Asian Realm Global Climate Change in China War and Revolution in the Twentieth Century Communist China East Asia’s Economic Transformation Japan: From Military Defeat to Economic Prowess The Asian Tigers China’s Economic Miracle East Asia’s Population Dynamics Economic Growth and Demography Changing Demographics: A Moving Target The Rise and Demise of China’s One-Child Policy Evolving Gender Relations in East Asia Geopolitics in East Asia Today Sino-Japanese Relations The Korea Factor Taiwan: The Other China Geographic Information Analysis: Where Can North Korea’s Missiles Reach? Mongolia’s Place in East Asia Today China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) REGIONS OF EAST ASIA The People’s Republic of China (PRC) Political-Administrative Divisions China’s “Capitalist” Turn China’s Urban Transformation Technology & Geography: High-Speed Rail in China Geographic Information Analysis: Urbanization and Economic Growth in China Region China’s Coastal Core Special Economic Zones Regional Engines of Growth Coastal Core Expansion Geographic Information Analysis: Population Change in the Pearl River Delta Region China’s Interior The Northeast Central China The South Region China’s Western Periphery Xizang (Tibet) Xinjiang Region Mongolia Region The Korean Peninsula North Korea South Korea Region Japan Coastal Development A Trading Nation Japan’s Slowdown Region Taiwan Taiwan’s Island Geography Chapter 11: The Southeast Asian Realm DEFINING THE REALM A Geographic Overview Physical Geography Exceptional Borneo Relative Location and Biodiversity Four Major Rivers Population Geography Cultural Geographies Religions of Southeast Asia The Ethnic Mosaic Economic Geography of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia’s Emerging Markets Singapore’s Leadership Prospects of Realm-Wide Integration: ASEAN China in Southeast Asia Today Geographic Information Analysis: Trade Patterns in Southeast Asia Geopolitics in Southeast Asia The Impact of Colonialism Before 1950 Southeast Asia in the Cold War Political–Territorial Configurations Hybrid Warfare in the South China Sea Geographic Information Analysis: Maritime Claims in the South China Sea REGIONS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA Region Mainland Southeast Asia Vietnam Cambodia Technology & Geography: Making the Invisible Visible—LiDAR at Cambodia’s Angkor Wat Laos Thailand Myanmar Global Climate Change in Myanmar Region Insular Southeast Asia Malaysia Brunei Singapore Indonesia East Timor The Philippines Chapter 12: The Austral Realm DEFINING THE REALM Physiography of the Austral Realm Climates The Southern Ocean Biogeography The Realm’s Asian Turn REGIONS OF THE AUSTRAL REALM Region Australia Administrative Framework Spatial Organization Australia’s Economic Geography Australia’s Environmental Problems Global Climate Change in Australia Australia’s Aboriginal Challenge Geographic Information Analysis: The Aboriginal Population Distribution Australia’s Place in the World New Zealand Physiography Social Geography The Maori Factor and New Zealand’s Future Chapter 13: The Pacific Realm and Polar Regions DEFINING THE PACIFIC REALM Colonization and Independence in the Pacific Realm Technology & Geography: The Tsunami Warning System in the Pacific The Pacific Realm and Its Marine Geography The State at Sea UNCLOS Intervention REGIONS OF THE PACIFIC REALM Region Melanesia Region Micronesia Region Polynesia Global Climate Change in the Pacific THE POLAR REGIONS Partitioning the Antarctic Geopolitics and Global Climate Change in the Arctic Basin A Polar Sea Surrounded by Northern Countries Disputation and Navigation Geographic Information Analysis: The Shrinking North Polar Icecap Appendix: Metric (Standard International [SI]) and Customary Units and Their Conversions Glossary Index EULA