دانلود کتاب Time: A Philosophical Introduction

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Title Page\nCopyright Page\nContents\nList of Figures\nList of Historical-Biographical Notes\nList of Technical Asides\nAcknowledgments\n How to read this book\nChapter 1 Introduction: Being and Becoming\n The philosophy of being\n The philosophy of becoming\n Einstein, time, and the fourth dimension\n The structure of the book\n Notes\nChapter 2 Zeno’s Paradoxes and the Nature of Change\n Introduction: What is time?\n Time and change from Parmenides to Aristotle\n Zeno’s paradoxes: Ancient sources and modern formulations\n Technical interlude #1: Limits, continuity, and infinity in modern mathematics\n Modern responses to the paradox\n Conclusions and open questions\n Study exercise #1: Supertasks\n Notes\nChapter 3 McTaggart’s Paradox and the Unreality of Time\n A-series, B-series, and the structure of time\n The metaphysical status of time\n McTaggart’s argument for the unreality of time\n Heraclitean arguments for A-change\n Technical interlude #2: Representation, semantics, and metaphysics\n Tensed theories of the A-series\n Tensed language in a tenseless world: The B-theory of time\n Conclusion: The metaphysics of B-time\n Cards on the table\n Notes\nChapter 4 The Ontology of the Future\n Presentism and the meaning of existence\n Eternalism and the apparent incoherence of presentism\n Aristotle’s sea-battle and logical fatalism\n Alternatives to logical fatalism\n Conclusions\n Study exercise #2: Persistence\nChapter 5 Flow, Change, and the Phenomenology of Time\n Presence, flux, and the micro-phenomenology of time\n The empirical psychology of time perception\n “Spotlight” theories of temporal consciousness and the block universe\n Study exercise #3: Libet’s experiments and backward referral in time\n Note\nChapter 6 Time as a Physical Quantity\n Clocks and what they measure\n Contemporary versions of the absolute versus relational debate\n Special relativity and the structure of time\n Technical interlude #3: Minkowski space-time and the block universe\n Philosophical consequences of special relativity\n Notes\nChapter 7 The Direction of Time\n Three classical markers of the arrow of time\n Problem #1: Too many arrows of time\n Problem #2: Not enough arrows\n The cosmological arrow of time\n Notes\nChapter 8 The Shape of Time\n Can time have a beginning or an end?\n The big bang and the beginning of time\n The creation of the world and the structure of time\n Cyclical time and repeating universes\n Notes\nChapter 9 Time Travel\n Introduction: Time travel in science fiction\n Philosophical arguments against time travel and backward causation\n Technical interlude #4: Causality conditions in general relativity\n Time travel and modern physics\n Philosophical consequences of the physics of CTCs\n Notes\nChapter 10 Conclusions and Open Questions\nTechnical Terminology\nIndex