دانلود کتاب Ultrafine Bubbles

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Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: History of Ultrafine Bubbles
1.1: Characteristics of Ultrafine Bubbles, Microbubbles, and Fine Bubbles
1.2: History of Microbubble Applications
1.2.1: Froth Flotation
1.2.2: Fine Bubbles for Ultrasonic Imaging inside Body
1.2.3: Purification of Contaminated Water
1.2.4: Enhancement of Growth of Oysters, Scallops, and Pearls
1.3: Historical Background of Ultrafine Bubbles
1.3.1: History of Academic Researches of Fine Bubbles in Two-Phase Flow
1.3.2: Ultrapure Water Production System
1.4: Various Challenges for Characteristic Clarification and Possible Application of Ultrafine Bubble
1.4.1: First Measurement of Ultrafine Bubbles in Water
1.4.2: Cleaning Effect of Ultrafine Bubbles for Minute Particle Contamination on Plate
1.4.3: Shrinking Microbubbles and Ozone Microbubbles
1.4.4: Transport of Solar Cell Wafers, Volume Reduction of Jellyfish Disposal, Vegetable Cultivation, and Purification of Soil
1.4.5: Cleaning of Toilets in Expressway Service Stations and Cleaning of Salt-Stained Bridges
1.4.6: Cleaning and Sanitizing of Vegetables, Enhancement of Vegetable Growth, Promotion of Seed Germination
1.5: Systematic Scope of Historically Challenged Application Fields and Historical Progress Relating to Two Major Discussion Points by Academic Viewpoints
1.5.1: Systematic Scope of Historically Challenged Application Fields
1.5.2: Two Major Discussion Points of Ultrafine Bubbles
1.5.2.1: Evidence on the existence of ultrafine bubbles
1.5.2.2: Hypothesis for the mechanism explaining the long-time existence of ultrafine bubbles in water
1.6: Conclusion
Chapter 2: Introduction to Experiments
2.1: Introduction
2.2: Characteristics of Fine Bubbles
2.2.1: Rising Velocity and Brownian Motion Velocity
2.2.2: Brown Movement Velocity of Ultrafine Bubble
2.2.3: Friction Coefficient of Microbubble Flow
2.2.4: Specific Surface Area of Fine Bubbles
2.2.5: Self-Pressurization Effect of Microbubbles
2.2.6: Microbubble Shrinkage
2.2.7: Surface Potential Characteristics of Microbubbles
2.3: Generators of Fine Bubbles
2.3.1: Generators of Microbubbles
2.3.2: Microbubble Generation Technology
2.3.2.1: Swirling liquid flow type
2.3.2.2: Static mixer type
2.3.2.3: Mechanical shear flow type
2.3.2.4: Porous membrane type
2.3.2.5: Ejector type
2.3.2.6: Venturi type
2.3.2.7: Pressurized dissolution type
2.3.2.8: Heated oozing type
2.3.2.9: Mixed steam condensation type
2.3.2.10: Others
2.3.3: Generators of Ultrafine Bubbles
2.3.4: Ultrafine Bubble Generation Technology
2.3.4.1: Pressurized dissolution type
2.3.4.2: Swirling liquid flow type
2.3.4.3: Static mixer type
2.3.4.4: Microporous membrane type with surfactant addition
2.3.4.5: Ultrasonic irradiation
2.3.4.6: Strong shaking
2.4: Measurement of Ultrafine Bubbles
2.4.1: Size and Number Concentration
2.4.1.1: Particle tracking analysis
2.4.1.2: Dynamic light scattering
2.4.1.3: Laser diffraction and scattering method
2.4.1.4: Coulter method
2.4.1.5: Quick-freezing replica method
2.4.1.6: Resonant mass measurement
2.4.2: Zeta Potential
Chapter 3: Micro- and Ultrafine Bubbles Observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy Using Quick-Freeze Replica Technique
3.1: TEM Observation of MBs by Quick-Freeze Replica Technique
3.2: TEM Observation of UFBs by Quick-Freeze Replica Technique
3.3: Conclusion
Chapter 4: Real UFB Sample Measurements: A Few Cases
4.1: Introduction
4.2: Ultrafine Bubble Monitor
4.2.1: Polystyrene Standard Particle
4.2.2: UFB Water Preparation by Agitational Mixing Type Generator
4.2.3: UFB Water with Contamination
4.3: Measurement of UFB Using qNano
4.3.1: UFB Water Provided by Keio University
4.3.2: UFB Water Provided by Osaka University
4.3.3: Commercially Available UFB Water
4.3.4: UFB Water to Irrigate Lettuce at Plant Factory
4.4: Human Safety Test of Ozone UFB Water
4.4.1: Preparation of Ozone UFB Water
4.4.2: In vitro Skin Irritation Test
4.5: Conclusion
4.6: Appendix
4.6.1: Appendix A: UFB Obtained from Keio University
4.6.2: Appendix B: UFB Obtained from Osaka University
Chapter 5: Theory of Ultrafine Bubbles
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Stability
5.2.1: Reason for Skepticism
5.2.2: Electrostatic Repulsion Model
5.2.3: Skin Model
5.2.4: Particle Crevice Model
5.2.5: “Armored” Bubble Model
5.2.6: Many-Body Model
5.2.7: Dynamic Equilibrium Model
5.3: Radical Formation
5.3.1: Experimental Results
5.3.2: Radical Formation during Cavitation
5.3.3: Radical Formation in a Dissolving Bubble
5.3.4: Radical Formation after Stopping Cavitation
5.4: Surface Tension
5.4.1: Experimental Results
5.4.2: Theoretical Study
5.5: Conclusion
Chapter 6: Study of Ultrafine Bubble Stabilization by Organic Material Adhesion
6.1: Introduction
6.2: Model of Stabilization Mechanism
6.3: Experimental Method
6.4: Results
6.4.1: UFB Generation Number Dependency
6.4.2: Effect of Addition of Organic Material on UFB Concentration
6.4.3: UFB Analysis by TEM and Resonant Mass Measurement
6.5: Consideration on UFB Stabilization Mechanism
6.6: Conclusion
Chapter 7: Cleaning with Ultrafine Bubble Water
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Interfacial Energy
7.2.1: Surface Tension and Interfacial Tension
7.2.2: Wettability and Contact Angle
7.2.3: Free Energy Change of Adhesion and Desorption of Dirt
7.3: Fine Bubble Cleaning
7.3.1: Microbubble Cleaning
7.3.2: Ultrafine Bubble Cleaning
Chapter 8: Biological Effects and Applications of Ultrafine Bubbles
8.1: Introduction
8.2: Effects of UFBs on Plants
8.2.1: Promotion of Germination and Sprout Growth by Oxygen UFB Water
8.2.2: Promotion of Crop Growth by O2UFB Water
8.3: Effects of UFB on Cells and Organisms of Animals
8.3.1: Maintenance of Cells or Tissues in Animals by Delivery of Oxygen
8.3.2: Stimulation of Cells by Ozone UFB Water
8.3.3: Cancer Radiotherapy
8.4: Plasmonic Nanobubbles
8.4.1: Basic Principles of PNB
8.4.2: Cell Theranostics with PNBs
8.5: Conclusion
Chapter 9: Recent Trends in Application of Encapsulated Ultrafine Bubbles in Medicine
9.1: Introduction
9.2: Ultrasound Contrast Agents
9.3: Microbubble for Drug Delivery
9.4: The Smaller the Better
9.5: Drug-Delivery Systems
9.5.1: Chemotherapy
9.5.2: Cardiovascular Applications
9.5.3: Bacteriological Applications
9.6: Oxygen Carriers
9.7: Gene Therapy
9.8: Ultrasound Imaging
9.9: High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound
9.10: Limitations
9.11: Conclusion
Chapter 10: Dental Application of Ozone Ultrafine Bubble Water
10.1: Periodontal Therapy
10.1.1: Periodontitis
10.1.2: Periodontal Treatment
10.1.3: Ozone Treatment
10.1.4: OUFBW in Periodontal Treatment
10.2: Therapy for Peri-implantitis
10.3: Future Prospects
10.3.1: Induction of Cellular Signaling Involved in Oxidative Stress Responses in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts
10.3.2: Wound Healing Effects via Modification of Inflammation
10.4: Epilegomena
Chapter 11: Preservability of Ultrafine Bubbles
11.1: Introduction
11.2: Generation of Ultrafine Bubbles
11.3: Characterization of UFBs
11.4: Storage of UFBs Dispersed in Bulk Water
11.5: Chronological Changes in UFB Properties during ATCT Storage
11.5.1: Number Concentration
11.5.2: Verification of Existence of Gas-Filled Bubbles
11.5.3: Mean Diameter
11.5.4: Zeta Potential
11.6: Influence of Storing Conditions on Chronological Changes in UFB Properties
11.6.1: Influence of Air inside Container
11.6.2: Influence of Aeration
11.7: Influence of Container Materials on Chronological Changes in UFB Properties
11.7.1: Preserving Property of Polymer Pouch in Storage of UFB Water
11.7.2: Interaction between Container Materials and UFBs
11.8: Difference in Temporal Change of Number Concentration of UFBs between Different Generation Principles
11.9: Summary
Index