دانلود کتاب Using as, the GNU Assembler

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Overview Structure of this Manual The GNU Assembler Object File Formats Command Line Input Files Output (Object) File Error and Warning Messages Command-Line Options Enable Listings: -a[cdhlns] -D Work Faster: -f .include Search Path: -I path Difference Tables: -K Include Local Labels: -L Configuring listing output: --listing Assemble in MRI Compatibility Mode: -M Dependency Tracking: --MD Name the Object File: -o Join Data and Text Sections: -R Display Assembly Statistics: --statistics Compatible Output: --traditional-format Announce Version: -v Control Warnings: -W, --warn, --no-warn, --fatal-warnings Generate Object File in Spite of Errors: -Z Syntax Preprocessing Whitespace Comments Symbols Statements Constants Character Constants Strings Characters Number Constants Integers Bignums Flonums Sections and Relocation Background Linker Sections Assembler Internal Sections Sub-Sections bss Section Symbols Labels Giving Symbols Other Values Symbol Names The Special Dot Symbol Symbol Attributes Value Type Symbol Attributes: a.out Descriptor Other Symbol Attributes for COFF Primary Attributes Auxiliary Attributes Symbol Attributes for SOM Expressions Empty Expressions Integer Expressions Arguments Operators Prefix Operator Infix Operators Assembler Directives .abort .ABORT .align abs-expr, abs-expr, abs-expr .ascii "string"...{} .asciz "string"...{} .balign[wl] abs-expr, abs-expr, abs-expr .byte expressions .comm symbol , length .data subsection .def name .desc symbol, abs-expression .dim .double flonums .eject .else .elseif .end .endef .endfunc .endif .equ symbol, expression .equiv symbol, expression .err .exitm .extern .fail expression .file string .fill repeat , size , value .float flonums .func name[,label] .global symbol, .globl symbol .hidden names .hword expressions .ident .if absolute expression .incbin "file"[,skip[,count]] .include "file" .int expressions .internal names .irp symbol,values...{} .irpc symbol,values...{} .lcomm symbol , length .lflags .line line-number .linkonce [type] .ln line-number .mri val .list .long expressions .macro .nolist .octa bignums .org new-lc , fill .p2align[wl] abs-expr, abs-expr, abs-expr .previous .popsection .print string .protected names .psize lines , columns .purgem name .pushsection name , subsection .quad bignums .rept count .sbttl "subheading" .scl class .section name .set symbol, expression .short expressions .single flonums .size .sleb128 expressions .skip size , fill .space size , fill .stabd, .stabn, .stabs .string "str" .struct expression .subsection name .symver .tag structname .text subsection .title "heading" .type .uleb128 expressions .val addr .version "string" .vtable_entry table, offset .vtable_inherit child, parent .weak names .word expressions Deprecated Directives Machine Dependent Features AMD 29K Dependent Features Options Syntax Macros Special Characters Register Names Floating Point AMD 29K Machine Directives Opcodes Alpha Dependent Features Notes Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Relocations Floating Point Alpha Assembler Directives Opcodes ARC Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Floating Point ARC Machine Directives Opcodes ARM Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Floating Point ARM Machine Directives Opcodes CRIS Dependent Features Command-line Options Instruction expansion Syntax Special Characters Symbols in position-independent code Register names Assembler Directives D10V Dependent Features D10V Options Syntax Size Modifiers Sub-Instructions Special Characters Register Names Addressing Modes @WORD Modifier Floating Point Opcodes D30V Dependent Features D30V Options Syntax Size Modifiers Sub-Instructions Special Characters Guarded Execution Register Names Addressing Modes Floating Point Opcodes H8/300 Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Addressing Modes Floating Point H8/300 Machine Directives Opcodes H8/500 Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Addressing Modes Floating Point H8/500 Machine Directives Opcodes HPPA Dependent Features Notes Options Syntax Floating Point HPPA Assembler Directives Opcodes ESA/390 Dependent Features Notes Options Syntax Floating Point ESA/390 Assembler Directives Opcodes 80386 Dependent Features Options AT&T Syntax versus Intel Syntax Instruction Naming Register Naming Instruction Prefixes Memory References Handling of Jump Instructions Floating Point Intel's MMX and AMD's 3DNow! SIMD Operations Writing 16-bit Code AT&T Syntax bugs Specifying CPU Architecture Notes Intel i860 Dependent Features i860 Notes i860 Command-line Options SVR4 compatibility options Other options i860 Machine Directives i860 Opcodes Other instruction support (pseudo-instructions) Intel 80960 Dependent Features i960 Command-line Options Floating Point i960 Machine Directives i960 Opcodes callj Compare-and-Branch IP2K Dependent Features IP2K Options M32R Dependent Features M32R Options M32R Warnings M680x0 Dependent Features M680x0 Options Syntax Motorola Syntax Floating Point 680x0 Machine Directives Opcodes Branch Improvement Special Characters M68HC11 and M68HC12 Dependent Features M68HC11 and M68HC12 Options Syntax Symbolic Operand Modifiers Assembler Directives Floating Point Opcodes Branch Improvement Motorola M88K Dependent Features M88K Machine Directives MIPS Dependent Features Assembler options MIPS ECOFF object code Directives for debugging information Directives to override the ISA level Directives for extending MIPS 16 bit instructions Directive to mark data as an instruction Directives to save and restore options Directives to control generation of MIPS ASE instructions MMIX Dependent Features Command-line Options Instruction expansion Syntax Special Characters Symbols Register names Assembler Directives Differences to mmixal MSP 430 Dependent Features Options Syntax Macros Special Characters Register Names Assembler Extensions Floating Point MSP 430 Machine Directives Opcodes PDP-11 Dependent Features Options Code Generation Options Instruction Set Extension Options CPU Model Options Machine Model Options Assembler Directives PDP-11 Assembly Language Syntax Instruction Naming Synthetic Instructions picoJava Dependent Features Options PowerPC Dependent Features Options Renesas / SuperH SH Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Addressing Modes Floating Point SH Machine Directives Opcodes SuperH SH64 Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Addressing Modes SH64 Machine Directives Opcodes SPARC Dependent Features Options Enforcing aligned data Floating Point Sparc Machine Directives TIC54X Dependent Features Options Blocking Environment Settings Constants Syntax String Substitution Local Labels Math Builtins Extended Addressing Directives Macros Memory-mapped Registers Z8000 Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Addressing Modes Assembler Directives for the Z8000 Opcodes VAX Dependent Features VAX Command-Line Options VAX Floating Point Vax Machine Directives VAX Opcodes VAX Branch Improvement VAX Operands Not Supported on VAX v850 Dependent Features Options Syntax Special Characters Register Names Floating Point V850 Machine Directives Opcodes Xtensa Dependent Features Command Line Options Assembler Syntax Opcode Names Register Names Xtensa Optimizations Using Density Instructions Automatic Instruction Alignment Xtensa Relaxation Conditional Branch Relaxation Function Call Relaxation Other Immediate Field Relaxation Directives density relax longcalls generics literal literal_position literal_prefix freeregs frame Reporting Bugs Have You Found a Bug? How to Report Bugs Acknowledgements GNU Free Documentation License ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents Index