دانلود کتاب Women in Renewable Energy

فهرست مطالب :

Foreword
Introduction
What Is Renewable Energy?
Why Is Renewable Energy Important?
What About Nuclear Energy?
Renewable Energy Alone Cannot Solve the Whole Problem
References
Contents
About the Editors
Pioneering Women in Renewable Energy
1 Introduction
2 Jane Haldimand Marcet (1769–1858)
3 Mary Fairfax Somerville (1780–1872)
4 Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps (1793–1884)
5 Ada Byron Lovelace (1815–1852)
6 Bertha Lamme (Feicht) (1869–1943)
7 Edith Clarke (1883–1959)
8 Katharine Burr Blodgett (1898–1979)
9 Mabel MacFerran Rockwell (1925–1981)
10 Maria Telkes (1900–1995)
11 Ruth Clusen (1922–2005)
12 Annie Easley (1933–2011)
13 Hazel Reid O’Leary (1937–)
14 Barbara Farhar (1938–)
15 Omi G. Walden (1945–2021)
16 Esther Sans Takeuchi (1953–)
17 Linda Stuntz (1954–)
18 Olga González-Sanabria (1956?–)
19 Kristina Johnson (1957–)
20 Julie A. Keil (1957–2015)
References
Are Electricity Customers Ready for a Renewables-Based Grid?
1 Demand-Related Characteristics of a Renewables-Based Grid
1.1 Technologies That Affect How Consumers Use Electricity
1.2 Flexible Demand Using Rates or Programs
2 Consumer Views of Renewables, Smart Energy Technologies and Demand Response
2.1 Renewables Have a Strong Appeal
2.2 Consumers Are Attracted to Smart Energy Technologies
2.3 Demand Response and Variable Rates Are Still the “New” Idea
3 Where Are the Opportunities for Behavioral Scientists?
References
Islands Leading the Clean Energy Transition
1 Context – Caribbean Electricity Systems
2 Islands’ Opportunity with Renewable Energy
3 How Islands Are Leading
3.1 Planning
3.2 Projects
3.3 People
4 How Island Women Are Leading
5 My Experience
References
Distributed Energy Resource Grid Transformation and Customer-Sited Virtual Power Plants
1 A Democratized Approach to Renewable Resources
1.1 Introduction
1.2 From Centralized to Distributed, Macro Changes to Energy Systems
1.3 A Career Journey Creating Virtual Power Plants – (Ja-Chin Audrey Lee)
The Power of Combining Engineering, Economic and Policy Analysis
2 DERs: Hidden Assets Ready for Use
2.1 Distributed Energy Assets
2.2 A Sharing Economy of DERs for the Electricity Grid
2.3 Customer DER Economics and the Trend Towards Electrification
3 The Data Challenge and Opportunity, “Putting the Smart in Smart Grid”
4 Making the Invisible Visible – Finding a Purchaser for Your BTM DER Energy Services
4.1 Program Example: Bring Your Own Device Programs with a Utility
4.2 Program Example: Bilateral Utility Contract with Battery Multiple Use Applications
4.3 Program Example: DERs in Wholesale Electricity Capacity Markets
4.4 Program Example: Hybrid Utility Program and Wholesale Energy Market Participation
5 Conclusion and a Vision for the Future
References
Energy Storage and Renewable Energy
1 Introduction: What Is Energy Storage, and Why Do We Need It?
2 Energy Storage 101: Energy Storage Technologies and Uses
2.1 Technology Types
Chemical
Mechanical
Thermal
2.2 Uses
3 What Types of Energy Storage Are Used on the Grid?
3.1 Centralized Versus Distributed Storage
3.2 Short- Versus Long-Duration Storage
3.3 Electrolytic Hydrogen
4 Energy Storage Case Studies
4.1 Hybrid Energy Storage
Hybridized with Renewables
Hybridized with Turbine-Based Resources
4.2 Replacing Grid Services from Peakers
Impact on Disadvantaged Communities
Successful Environmental Activism
4.3 Local Reliability and Virtual Power Plants
Distributed Energy Storage
Virtual Power Plants
5 Challenges for Energy Storage
5.1 Environmental Concerns
Mining and Heavy Metal Sourcing for Batteries
Environmental Damages and Degradation for PHS
Water Availability for Electrolytic Hydrogen
5.2 Costs and Affordability
Cost of Energy Storage
Evaluation of Cost Effectiveness
Energy Storage Is Cost-Effective Today
5.3 Challenges for Li-ion Energy Storage
Li-ion Environmental and Human Rights Impacts
Li-ion Safety Considerations
Scalability
5.4 Policy and Market Challenges
Background: How Policies and Markets Drive Resource Deployment
5.5 Asset Lifecycle and Replacement Timing
6 What’s Next?
References
Integrating Renewable Resources: Grid Operations and Policy Considerations
1 Introduction
2 Electricity Industry Structure
2.1 Regulatory Structure
2.2 Electricity Generating Capacity
3 Dynamics of Utility Operation
4 Renewable Resources
4.1 Solar Resources
4.2 Wind Resources
5 Challenges to Grid Operations
5.1 Solar Energy Operational Issue
5.2 Wind Operational Issues
6 Policy Considerations
6.1 Transmission Considerations
6.2 Energy Storage
6.3 Legislation or Regulations to Faciliate Renewable Energy Resources
Production and Investment Tax Credits
Renewable and Clean Energy Standards
Net Metering
7 Conclusion
References
Solar Energy Research: Coming-of-Age
1 Prioritizing Photovoltaics Research
2 Energy Output
2.1 Efficiency
2.2 Reliability and Durability
3 Environmental Impact Considerations
4 Coyness and Climate Change: World Enough, and Time
References
The Role of Biobased Products and Bioenergy to Empower the Clean Transportation and Energy Transition
1 The Basics: What Are Biobased Solutions and Bioenergy
2 Following the Carbon Source from Start to Finish
2.1 Raw Materials/Feedstock
2.2 Conversion Technology/Manufacturing and Distribution
2.3 End Products Use and End of Life (e.g., Recycling, and Final Disposal)
3 Who Cares and Why? – Macro-Market Trends
3.1 Energy and Carbon Emissions
3.2 Policy and the Future
4 What Is Slowing Us Down? – Barriers to Adoption
4.1 Unintended Consequences
5 Everyday Heroes – Real World Examples of Innovations and Innovators
6 Company Profiles
6.1 Sylvatex (SVX) Inc. – Sustainable (Biobased) Industrial Chemistry for Climate Safe Energy
Why Did I Start SVX?
What’s Our Innovation? Feedstocks, Conversion Tech, End Market/End of Life
Why it Matters for a Clean Energy and Lower Carbon Future?
7 Mango Materials – Uses Methane to Manufacture Biodegradable Materials
7.1 Why Did You Start Mango Materials?
What’s Our Innovation?
What Is the Role for Your Solution and Why Does it Matter for the Clean Energy and Lower Carbon Future?
8 Air Protein – Modern Meat Company, Crafting the world’s First Air Meat to Feed us Sustainably
8.1 Why Did You Start Air Protein?
8.2 What’s Our Innovation?
8.3 What Is the Role for Your Solution and Why Does it Matter for the Clean Energy and Lower Carbon Future?
9 C16 Biosciences – Uses Microbiology to Brew Sustainable, Conflict-Free Palm Oil to Reduce Global CO2 Emissions
9.1 Why Did You Start C16 Biosciences?
9.2 What’s Your Innovation?
9.3 What Is the Role for Your Solution and Why Does it Matter for the Clean Energy and Lower Carbon Future?
10 Lanzatech – Making Climate Safe Materials and Fuels
10.1 Why Did You Start Lanzatech?
10.2 What’s Our Innovation?
10.3 What Is the Role for your Solution and Why Does It Matter for the Clean Energy and Lower Carbon Future?
11 A New Era, a New Vision
12 Electric Vehicles
13 New Markets and Agency for Change
References
A Fault Detection Approach Based on Autoencoders for Condition Monitoring of Wind Turbines
1 Introduction
2 Alarm Records
2.1 Data Acquisition
3 Anomaly Detection Framework
3.1 Data Pre-processing
Filtration Stage
Transformation Stage
Normalization Stage
3.2 Autoencoders
3.3 Threshold Selection
4 Case Study and Results
4.1 Dataset Description
4.2 Pre-processing Stage
4.3 Autoencoder’s Hyperparameters
5 Conclusion
References
Using Building Loads Dynamically with Advanced Technologies to Enable Low Carbon Energy Systems
1 Introduction to the Buildings Sector
2 How the Grid Is Changing
3 Buildings and Their Interaction with the Emerging Renewable Electric Grid
4 The Value of Energy Efficiency and Load Flexibility
5 New Technologies to Achieve Efficient Load Flexibility
5.1 DR Automation
6 Deployment and Adoption Challenges and Strategies
6.1 Challenges to Greater Deployment and Adoption
6.2 Strategies for Addressing Challenges
Economic Signals Through Time Varying Electricity Pricing
Integrating Demand Flexibility Into Energy Codes and Standards
Utility Incentive Programs
Aggregators and Virtual Power Plants
7 Summary and Future Directions
References
Index