دانلود کتاب Fuel and Emissions Control Systems

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Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
PREFACE
SUPPLEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
CONTENTS
chapter 1 SERVICE INFORMATION, TOOLS, AND SAFETY
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Vehicle Identification
Service Information
Threaded Fasteners
Hand Tools
Basic Hand Tool List
Tool Sets and Accessories
Electrical Hand Tools
Hand Tool Maintenance
Trouble Lights
Air and Electrically Operated Tools
Personal Protective Equipment
Safety Precautions
Vehicle Protection
Safety Lifting (Hoisting) a Vehicle
Jacks and Safety Stands
Drive-On Ramps
Electrical Cord Safety
Jump-Starting and Battery Safety
Fire Extinguishers
Fire Blankets
First Aid and Eye Wash Stations
Hybrid Electric Vehicle Safety Issues
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 2 ENVIRONMENTAL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Hazardous Waste
Federal and State Laws
Asbestos Hazards
Used Brake Fluid
Used Oil
Solvents
Coolant Disposal
Lead-Acid Battery Waste
Fuel Safety and Storage
Airbag Handling
Used Tire Disposal
Air-Conditioning Refrigerant Oil Disposal
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 3 GASOLINE ENGINE OPERATION AND SPECIFICATIONS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Purpose and Function
Energy and Power
Engine Construction Overview
Engine Parts and Systems
Four-Stroke Cycle Operation
Engine Classification and Construction
Engine Measurement
Compression Ratio
Torque and Horsepower
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 4 DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION AND DIAGNOSIS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Diesel Engines
Three Phases of Combustion
Fuel Tank and Lift Pump
Injection Pump
HEUI System
Diesel Injector Nozzles
Glow Plugs
Engine-Driven Vacuum Pump
Diesel Fuel Heaters
Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
Diesel Engine Turbochargers
Exhaust Gas Recirculation
Diesel Particulate Matter
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst
Diesel Exhaust Particulate Filter
Selective Catalytic Reduction
Diesel Exhaust Smoke Diagnosis
Diesel Performance Diagnosis
Compression Testing
Glow Plug Resistance Balance Test
Injector Pop Testing
Diesel Emission Testing
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 5 GASOLINE
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Gasoline
Refining
Volatility
Gasoline Combustion Process
Normal and Abnormal Combustion
Octane Rating
High-Altitude Octane Requirements
Gasoline Additives
Gasoline Blending
Reformulated Gasoline
Testing Gasoline for Alcohol Content
General Gasoline Recommendations
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 6 ALTERNATIVE FUELS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Ethanol
Cellulose Ethanol
E85
Alternative-Fuel Vehicles
Methanol
Propane
Compressed Natural Gas
Liquefied Natural Gas
P-Series Fuels
Synthetic Fuels
Safety Procedures When Working with Alternative Fuels
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 7 DIESEL AND BIODIESEL FUELS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Diesel Fuel
Biodiesel
E-Diesel Fuel
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 8 INTAKE AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Air Intake Filtration
Throttle-Body Injection Intake Manifolds
Port Fuel-Injection Intake Manifolds
Exhaust Gas Recirculation Passages
Exhaust Manifolds
Mufflers
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 9 TURBOCHARGING AND SUPERCHARGING
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Introduction
Forced Induction Principles
Superchargers
Turbochargers
Boost Control
Turbocharger Failures
Nitrous Oxide
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 10 ENGINE CONDITION DIAGNOSIS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Typical Engine-Related Complaints
Engine Smoke Diagnosis
The Driver Is Your Best Resource
Visual Checks
Engine Noise Diagnosis
Oil Pressure Testing
Oil Pressure Warning Lamp
Compression Test
Wet Compression Test
Running (Dynamic) Compression Test
Cylinder Leakage Test
Cylinder Power Balance Test
Power Balance Test Procedure
Vacuum Tests
Exhaust Restriction Test
Testing Back Pressure with a Vacuum Gauge
Testing Back Pressure with a Pressure Gauge
Diagnosing Head Gasket Failure
Dash Warning Lights
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 11 ON-BOARD DIAGNOSIS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
On-Board Diagnostics Generation-II (OBD-II) Systems
Diagnostic Executive and Task Manager
Monitors
OBD-II Monitor Information
Enabling Criteria
OBD-II DTC Numbering Designation
OBD-II Freeze-Frame
Enabling Conditions
PCM Tests
GLOBAL OBD-II
Diagnosing Problems Using Mode Six
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 12 CAN AND NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Module Communications and Networks
Network Fundamentals
Module Communications Configuration
Network Communications Classifications
General Motors Communications Protocols
Ford Network Communications Protocols
Chrysler Communications Protocols
Controller Area Network
Honda/Toyota Communications
European Bus Communications
Network Communications Diagnosis
OBD-II Data Link Connector
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 13 TEMPERATURE SENSORS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
Testing the Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
Intake Air Temperature Sensor
Testing the Intake Air Temperature Sensor
Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor
Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
Engine Fuel Temperature (EFT) Sensor
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Temperature Sensor
Engine Oil Temperature Sensor
Temperature Sensor Diagnostic Trouble Codes
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 14 THROTTLE POSITION SENSORS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Throttle Position Sensor Construction
TP Sensor Computer Input Functions
PCM Uses for the TP Sensor
Testing the Throttle Position Sensor
Testing a TP Sensor Using the MIN/MAX Function
Testing the TP Sensor Using a Scan Tool
TP Sensor Diagnostic Trouble Codes
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 15 MAP/BARO SENSORS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Air Pressure—High and Low
Principles of Pressure Sensors
Construction of MAP Sensors
PCM Uses of the MAP Sensor
Barometric Pressure Sensor
Testing the MAP Sensor
Fuel-Rail Pressure Sensor
MAP/BARO Diagnostic Trouble Codes
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 16 MASS AIRFLOW SENSORS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Airflow Sensors
Mass AirFlow Sensor Types
Karman Vortex Sensors
PCM Uses for Airflow Sensors
Testing Mass Airflow Sensors
MAF Sensor Contamination
MAF-Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 17 OXYGEN SENSORS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Oxygen Sensors
Zirconia Oxygen Sensors
Titania Oxygen Sensor
Closed Loop and Open Loop
PCM Uses of the Oxygen Sensor
Oxygen Sensor Diagnosis
Oxygen Sensor Waveform Analysis
Hash
Negative O2S Voltage
Low O2S Readings
High O2S Readings
Post-Catalytic Converter Oxygen Sensor Testing
Oxygen Sensor Visual Inspection
O2S-Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 18 WIDE-BAND OXYGEN SENSORS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Terminology
Need For Wide-Band Sensors
Conventional O2S Review
Dual-Cell Planar Wide-Band Sensor Operation
Dual-Cell Diagnosis
Digital Multimeter Testing
Single-Cell Wide-Band Oxygen Sensors
Wide-Band Oxygen Sensor Pattern Failures
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 19 FUEL PUMPS, LINES, AND FILTERS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Fuel Delivery System
Fuel Tanks
Rollover Leakage Protection
Fuel Lines
Electric Fuel Pumps
Fuel Filters
Fuel Pump Testing
Fuel pump Current Draw Test
Fuel pump Replacement
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 20 FUEL-INJECTION COMPONENTS AND OPERATION
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Electronic Fuel-Injection Operation
Speed-Density Fuel-Injection Systems
Mass Airflow Fuel-Injection Systems
Throttle-Body Injection
Port Fuel Injection
Fuel-Pressure Regulator
Vacuum-Biased Fuel-Pressure Regulator
Electronic Returnless Fuel System
Mechanical Returnless Fuel System
Demand Delivery System
Fuel Injectors
Central Port Injection
Fuel-Injection Modes of Operation
Idle Control
Stepper Motor Operation
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 21 GASOLINE DIRECT-INJECTION SYSTEMS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Direct Fuel Injection
Direct-Injection Fuel Delivery System
GDI Fuel Injectors
Modes of Operation
Piston Top Designs
Lexus Port-and Direct-Injection Systems
Engine Start System
GDI Service
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 22 ELECTRONIC THROTTLE CONTROL SYSTEM
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Electronic Throttle Control (ETC) System
Normal Operation of the ETC System
Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
Throttle Body Assembly
TP Sensor
Diagnosis of ETC Systems
ETC Throttle Follower Test
Servicing Electronic Throttle Systems
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 23 FUEL-INJECTION SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS AND SERVICE
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Port Fuel-Injection Pressure Regulator Diagnosis
Diagnosing Electronic Fuel-Injection Problems Using Visual Inspection
Scan Tool Vacuum Leak Diagnosis
Port Fuel-Injection System Diagnosis
Testing for an Injector Pulse
Checking Fuel-Injector Resistance
Measuring Resistance of Grouped Injectors
Measuring Resistance of Individual Injectors
Pressure-Drop Balance Test
Injector Voltage-Drop Tests
Scope-Testing Fuel Injectors
Idle Air Speed Control Diagnosis
Fuel-Injection System Diagnosis
Fuel-System Scan Tool Diagnostics
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 24 VEHICLE EMISSION STANDARDS AND TESTING
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Emission Standards in the United States
European Standards
Exhaust Analysis Testing
Exhaust Analysis and Combustion Efficiency
HC Too High
CO Too High
Measuring Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Photochemical Smog Formation
Testing for Oxides of Nitrogen
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 25 EVAPORATIVE EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEMS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Evaporative Emission Control System
Nonenhanced Evaporative Control Systems
Enhanced Evaporative Control System
Leak Detection Pump System
Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery
Diagnosing The Evap System
Evaporative System Monitor
Typical Evap Monitor
Evap System-Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 26 EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION SYSTEMS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Exhaust Gas Recirculation Systems
OBD-II EGR Monitoring Strategies
Diagnosing a Defective EGR System
EGR-Related OBD-II Diagnostic Trouble Codes
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 27 POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION AND SECONDARY AIR-INJECTION SYSTEMS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Crankcase Ventilation
PCV-Related Diagnostic Trouble Codes
Secondary Air-Injection System
Secondary Air-Injection System Diagnosis
Sai-Related Diagnostic Trouble Code
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 28 CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Catalytic Converters
OBD-II Catalytic Converter Performance
Diagnosing Catalytic Converters
Catalytic Converter Replacement Guidelines
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 29 IGNITION SYSTEM OPERATION AND DIAGNOSIS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Ignition System
Ignition Switching and Triggering
Distributor Ignition
Waste-Spark Ignition Systems
Coil-On-Plug Ignition
Knock Sensors
Ignition System Diagnosis
Spark Plug Wire Inspection
Spark Plugs
Ignition Timing
Ignition System Symptom Guide
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 30 SCAN TOOLS AND ENGINE PERFORMANCE DIAGNOSIS
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
The Eight-Step Diagnostic Procedure
Scan Tools
Retrieval of Diagnostic Information
Troubleshooting Using Diagnostic Trouble Codes
Retrieving Codes Prior to 1996
Retrieving Ford Diagnostic Codes
DLC Locations
OBD-II Diagnosis
OBD-II Active Tests
Service/Flash Programming
Manufacturer\'s Diagnostic Routines
Completing System Repairs
Procedures for Resetting the PCM
Road Test (Drive cycle)
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 31 HYBRID SAFETY AND SERVICE PROCEDURES
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
High-Voltage Safety
High-Voltage Safety Equipment
Electric Shock Potential
De-Powering the High-Voltage System
Collision and Repair Industry Issues
Moving and Towing a Hybrid
Removing the High-Voltage Batteries
Routine Service Procedures
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
chapter 32 FUEL CELLS AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
Learning Objectives
Key Terms
Fuel-Cell Technology
Pem Fuel Cells
Fuel-Cell Vehicle Systems
Hydraulic Hybrid Storage System
HCCI
Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Electric Vehicles
Wind Power
Hydroelectric Power
SUMMARY
REVIEW QUESTIONS
CHAPTER QUIZ
appendix 1 SAMPLE ASE A8 CERTIFICATION- TYPE TEST
appendix 2 NATEF TASK CORRELATION CHART
GLOSSARY
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INDEX
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