دانلود کتاب How Not to Study a Disease: The Story of Alzheimer's

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Contents
Prologue
I. In The Beginning
1. A Layperson’s History of Alzheimer’s Disease
Dorothy’s Story
Defining Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer’s Disease in Our World
The Economic Impact of Dementia
Who Gets Alzheimer’s Disease, and Can the “Who” Tell Us about the “Why”?
Synopsis
2. A Physician’s History of Alzheimer’s Disease
3. A Scientist’s History of Alzheimer’s Disease
Early- versus Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease
The Genetics of Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease
Inflammation of the Brain as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Poor Fat Management as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Improper Vesicle Management as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Nongenetic Clues to the Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Back to Plaques and Tangles
4. Mystery Solved! How Four Discoveries Transformed an Entire Field
Unmasking the Plaques
A Short Interlude—Some Basic Genetics
Running the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Backward
Prying the Amyloid Peptide out of Its APP Parent
We’ve Cured the Mice! we are Almost There
II. What Happened To Our Cure?
5. Building A Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
The Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis Grows . . . ​into a Bully
Other Options: Inflammation of the Brain as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Other Options: Poor Fat Management as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Other Options: Loss of Myelin Integrity as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Interlude: An Optional Deep Dive into the Realities of Human Scientific Data
Back to Myelin
Other Options: Improper Vesicle Management as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Other Options: Oxidative Damage and Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Other Options: Tau as a Cause of Alzheimer’s Disease
Synopsis
III. Double-Edged Swords
6. Federal Support of Basic Biomedical Research
7. The Pharmaceutical and Biotech Industry
History of the Pharmaceutical Industry
Why Do We Need Them?
The Industrial Approach to Research and Development
Outsourcing
They Saw the Warning Signs, and yet They Did Nothing
8. Testing Our Models: Breaking Bad
Testing the Hypothesis I: Add Amyloid, Create Alzheimer’s Disease
Experimental Models of Human Disease
Testing the Hypothesis II: Remove Amyloid, Cure Alzheimer’s Disease
Testing the Hypothesis III: Block Amyloid from Ever Forming
Grading the Tests: The Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis Flunks the Course
Houston, We Have a Problem
9. What Is Alzheimer’s Disease?
Doubling Down
The Third Inflation
The Final Straw
IV. Where Shall We Go From Here?
10. A Layperson’S Guide to the Biology of Aging
Why Do we Age?
What Drives Our Aging Process?
Age and the Single Cell
Summary
11. Building A New Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
The Definition of Alzheimer’s Disease—The Foundation of All Future Work
A Biological Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
12. Rebalancing Our Research Portfolio
The Biology of Aging
The Aging of the Neighborhood
The Biology of Alzheimer’s Disease as Seen through the New Model
The Search for Biomarkers
The Aging of the Nation and Its Contribution to Alzheimer’s Disease
Critiquing the Model
13. Rebalancing Our Institutions
The Definition of Alzheimer’s Disease and the Cabal
Adjusting Government Funding of Alzheimer’s Disease Research
Adjusting the Role of the Pharmaceutical Industry
Adjusting the Role of the Advisors
Adjusting the Roles of Our Professional Societies
Adjusting the Role of the Professional and Lay Media
Synopsis
14. Final Thoughts
Acknowledgments
Notes
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Index