دانلود کتاب The Dortmund Lumbar Load Atlas: A Contribution to Objectifying Lumbar Load and Load-Bearing Capacity for an Ergonomic Work Design of Manual Materials Handling

فهرست مطالب :

Preface
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope and Intended Users
1.2 Statistical Aspects and Research Consequences
1.3 Human Loading and Disorder Causation
1.4 Aims of a Biomechanically Based Disease Justification
1.5 Situational and Cumulative Load Estimation
1.6 Main Features of Following Chapters
1.6.1 Overview
1.6.2 Chapter 2—Basics
1.6.3 Chapter 3—Interbranch Activities
1.6.4 Chapter 4—Branch-Specific Activities
1.6.5 Chapter 5—Overload Criteria
1.7 Limitations and Opportunities
References
2 Biomechanical Basics
2.1 Anatomical Designations
2.1.1 Planes and Axes
2.1.2 Areas and Directions
2.1.3 Limb Movements
2.1.4 Trunk Movements
2.1.5 Spinal Sections
2.2 Biomechanical Modelling for Lumbar-Load Estimation
2.2.1 Lumbar-Load Indicators
2.2.2 A Very Simple Model—The Law of Leverage
2.2.3 Model Extensions—Asymmetry, Mass Inertia, Intra-Abdominal Pressure
2.2.4 The Dortmunder—An Easily Applicable 3-D Dynamic Simulation Tool
2.3 Lumbar Load for Different Discs, Anthropometries and Postures
2.3.1 Development of Compressive and Shear Forces
2.3.2 Influence of Object Weight at Various Trunk and Arm Positions while Holding
2.3.3 Influence of Body Weight and Height while Holding Objects
2.3.4 Distribution Pattern of Disc Forces while Lifting Objects
2.3.5 Influence of Execution Mode while Lifting Objects
References
3 Lumbar-Load Register for Interbranch Activities
3.1 Holding of Objects Held with Hands
3.1.1 Holding with Sagittally Flexed Postures
3.1.2 Holding with Superimposed Positioning Forces at Shelf Loading
3.1.3 Typical Holding Situations in Everyday Working Life
3.2 Lifting of Objects
3.2.1 Sagittal Lifting—Two-Handed and Symmetrical to Mid-Sagittal Plane
3.2.2 Sagittal Lifting—One-Handed in the Shoulder-Sagittal Plane
3.2.3 Two-Handed Lifting with Lateral Components
3.2.4 One-Handed Lifting with Lateral Components
3.2.5 Exemplary Comparisons
3.3 Pulling and Pushing of Objects
3.3.1 Sagittal Two- and One-Handed Pulling with Diverse Trunk Inclinations
3.3.2 Sagittal Two-Handed Pulling and Pushing for Diverse Grasp Heights
3.3.3 Pulling and Pushing for Typical Situations in Everyday Working Life
3.4 Carrying of Objects
3.4.1 Exemplary Laboratory Measurements
3.4.2 Typical Situations in Everyday Working Life
3.5 Postures with Applying Low Forces at Most
3.5.1 Sitting Postures
3.5.2 Standing-Upright Postures
3.5.3 Constrained Postures
3.5.4 Summarising Conclusions Regarding Posture Evaluation
References
4 Lumbar-Load Register for Previous Branch-Specific Examinations
4.1 Bricklaying
4.2 Stacking Sacks in a Ship’s Bottom
4.3 Shoveling of Bulk Materials—Civil Engineering and Construction
4.3.1 Pilot Study—A Tessera of the First Lumbar-Load Register ‘DOLLY 2’
4.3.2 Shoveling Study Initiated by the German Social Accident Insurance
4.4 Transporting Goods via Wheelbarrow
4.5 Roller Skate Spin Acrobatics—Professional Circus Performances
4.5.1 Action Forces
4.5.2 Lumbar-Load Prediction
4.5.3 Specifics—Varied Trunk Inclination
4.5.4 Specifics—Varied Point of Force Application
4.6 Moving Trolleys Aboard Aircraft
4.6.1 Background of the Study
4.6.2 Service at Flight
4.6.3 Perceived Load and Subjective Complaints
4.6.4 Laboratory Conditions and Subject Sample
4.6.5 Action Forces
4.6.6 Postures and Movements
4.6.7 Lumbar-Load Prediction
4.6.8 Lumbar-Load Evaluation
4.6.9 Hints for Back-Friendly Trolley Handling
4.7 Manual Patient Handling—Health and Elderly Care
4.7.1 Background of the Study
4.7.2 Laboratory Conditions and Subjects
4.7.3 Lumbar-Load Prediction
4.7.4 Hints for Back-Friendly Manual Patient Handling
4.8 Shift Monitoring—Cumulative Dose Approach
4.8.1 Occupational Fields
4.8.2 Video Documentation and Evaluation
4.8.3 Exemplary Frequency Distributions
4.8.4 Lumbar-Load Monitoring—Time Courses
4.8.5 Lumbar-Load Monitoring—Cumulative Dose
References
5 Biomechanical Evaluation—Criteria of Overload
5.1 Evaluation Criteria for Short-Term Exposures
5.1.1 Moment at the Lumbosacral Disc
5.1.2 Tolerance of the Lumbar Spine to Compression
5.1.3 Tolerance of the Lumbar Spine to Shear
5.2 Evaluation Criteria for Long-Term Exposures
5.2.1 Legislative Impetus
5.2.2 Drafting a Cumulative Dose Model Related to the Load on the Lumbar Spine
5.2.3 Examination of the Assessment Criteria
5.2.4 Derivation of Best Estimates as Assessment Criteria
5.3 Individual Values for Lumbar Ultimate Compressive Strength
References