دانلود کتاب The Environmental Impact of Cities: Death by Democracy and Capitalism

فهرست مطالب :

Cover
Half Title
Series Information
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Figures
Tables
Acknowledgements
Preface
Part 1 The Impact of Cities
1 The Cities
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The Cities and Their History
1.3 Population
1.4 Climate
1.5 Governance
1.6 The Economy and Well-Being
1.7 The Cities and the Environment
References
2 Calculating the Ecological Footprint
2.1 Introduction
2.2 EF Calculation Method
2.3 CO₂ Emissions Calculations
References
3 Food
3.1 Problems With Food Data
3.2 How to Measure the Environmental Impact of the Food That Really Matters
3.3 Methodology and Results
3.4 Discussion
References
4 Energy
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Measuring Energy Consumption
4.3 Energy and Climate Change
4.4 Renewables and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
4.5 Energy Use in the Cities
4.5.1 Ahmedabad
4.5.2 Auckland
4.5.3 Copenhagen
4.5.4 Havana
4.5.5 Nairobi
4.5.6 Pyongyang
4.5.7 São Paulo
4.5.8 Energy Profile Comparison of the Selected Cities
References
5 Transport
5.1 The Cities and Transport
5.2 Travel Modes
5.3 Travel Distances
5.3.1 The Relationship Between Commuting and Total Travel
5.4 Introduction to Transport in Selected Cities
5.5 Transport in Pyongyang
5.5.1 Pyongyang’s Travel Modes
5.5.2 Estimating Travel Distance
5.5.3 Estimating Energy Consumption
5.5.3.1 Metro
5.5.3.2 Trams
5.5.3.3 Trolleybuses
5.5.3.4 Bicycles
5.5.4 Carbon Emissions
5.5.5 What If People in Pyongyang Drove to Work?
5.6 Transport in Havana
5.6.1 Motor Vehicles in Havana
5.6.2 Havana Public Transport
5.6.2.1 Buses
5.6.2.2 Railways
5.6.2.3 Collective Taxis
5.6.3 Going to Work in Havana
5.6.4 What Mode?
5.6.5 Emissions of Different Transport Modes
5.6.6 Havana’s Transport Emissions
5.7 Transport in Beijing
5.7.1 How Do People Travel to Work in Modern Beijing?
5.7.2 Public Transport in Beijing
5.7.2.1 The Beijing Subway
5.7.2.2 Buses
5.7.2.3 Bicycles
5.7.3 The Journey to Work
5.7.4 Commuting Distance and Emissions
5.7.5 The Effect of Electric Cars in Beijing
5.7 Transport in New York
5.7.1 Commuters in New York
5.7.2 New York Modes of Transport
5.7.2.1 Private Car, Truck and Van
5.7.2.2 Buses
5.7.2.3 The Subway
5.7.2.4 Suburban Trains
5.7.2.5 Ferries
5.7.3 The Journey to Work in New York
5.8 Last Words
References
6 Consumer Goods
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Household Spending Power
6.3 New York
6.4 Copenhagen
6.5 Singapore
6.6 Pyongyang
6.7 Nairobi
6.8 Ahmedabad
6.9 Cairo
6.10 EF of Consumer Goods for the Seven Cities
References
7 The Built Environment
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Ancient Cities
7.2.1 Beijing
7.2.2 Embodied Energy of Beijing Buildings and Infrastructure Within the Fifth Ring Road
7.3 Medieval Cities
7.3.1 Amsterdam
7.3.1 Embodied Energy in Built Amsterdam
7.3.2 Ahmedabad
7.3.3 Singapore
7.4 Colonial Cities
7.4.1 Jakarta
7.5 Comparison and Discussion
References
8 Urban Policies
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Methodology
8.2.1 Policies
8.2.3 Collaboration
8.2.4 Government Structure
8.2.5 Political Will
8.3 Results
8.3.1 Correlations
8.3.2 Correlation Between PI and DI
8.3.3 Correlation of PI and HDI
8.3.4 Correlation Between PI and EF
8.3.5 Correlation Between PI and CO₂
8.3.6 Correlation Between PI and Income Per Capita
8.4 Discussion
Note
References
Part 2 Influences On Living in Cities
9 Environmental Death By Democracy
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Why Are Democracies Not Working to Stop Our Environmental Catastrophe?
9.3 Assessing the Relationship Between Democracies and the Environment
8.4 The Power of the Majority, the Power of Voting
8.5 Will Democracies’ Pursuit of Progress Lead to Environmental Sustainability?
8.6 Discussion and Conclusion
Note
References
10 Capitalism
10.1 Introduction
10.2 What Is Capitalism?
10.3 Capitalism, Growth and the Environment
10.4 The Role of Growth
10.5 Capitalism and Cities
10.5.1 Wealth and Cities
Urban Infrastructure
Real Estate
Consumer Goods and Services
Agriculture Supply Chain
References
11 Population—the Elephant in the Room
11.1 Introduction
11.2 The Growth of Cities
11.2.1 Homelessness and Slums
11.3 Where Are National Populations Growing?
11.4 Some Impacts of Burgeoning Urban Populations
11.5 The Future of Homo Sapiens
References
12 The Internet
12.1 Background
12.2 Social Media
References
13 Icons in the Cities
13.1 Introduction
13.1.1 Architecture and the Cultural Landscape
13.2 Office Buildings as New Icons
13.3 The Bilbao Effect
13.4 The Impact of Tourism
13.5 Conclusion
Note
References
14 Pandemic
14.1 COVID-19 and this Book
14.2 The Effect of COVID-19
14.3 Climate Change and Pandemics
14.4 Large-Scale Pandemics and CO₂ Reduction
14.5 Conclusion
References
15 Living in Cities
15.1 Cities and Growth
15.2 Voting for a New City Model
15.3 What a New City Model Might Be
15.4 How to Get There From Here—A to B Or A to C?
References
Index